Senescent microstructural changes in rat cerebellum

Rogers, Joseph; Zornetzer, Steven F.; Bloom, Floyd E.; Mervis, Ronald E.

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(84)90886-2

Cited by 134 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Age-related alterations in cerebellar functions may be dependent on the observed changes in PC physiology and microanatomy, such as their decreased spike rate, reduced ability to be driven by electrical stimulus of parallel fibers (Rogers et al, 1980), and reduced mean area per cell, mean numbers of cells, and mean synaptic density in the ML (Rogers et al, 1984). Our finding of 84% declines in a3-mRNA content per PC supports a considerable alteration of some kind in neuronal activity before cell dropout.…”

Section: Possible Significance Of the Altered Expression Of A-isoformsupporting

confidence: 70%

Differential expression of Na,K-ATPase ?-isoform mRNAs in aging rat cerebellum

Chauhan

Siegel

1997

J. Neurosci. Res.

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Section: Possible Significance Of the Altered Expression Of A-isoformsupporting

confidence: 70%

Differential expression of Na,K-ATPase ?-isoform mRNAs in aging rat cerebellum

Chauhan

Siegel

1997

J. Neurosci. Res.

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“…Nandy observed that the Purkinje cells are more prone to age changes than the granule cells of the cerebellum regarding both lipofuscin formation and cell loss. This age related loss of Purkinje cell was substantiated by most other researchers (Hall, 1975;Rogers, 1984;Ogata 1984;Andersen, 2003). Although the precise functional significance of the change in Purkinje cells is not clear their vulnerability may be related to changes in motor function in old age.…”

Section: Diameter Of Purkinje Cellssupporting

confidence: 50%

Age Related Changes in the Purkinje Cells in Human Cerebellar Cortex

Viswasom¹,

Jobby²

2013

jemds

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ABSTRACT:The human cerebellum is associated with smooth control of movements and memory. As age advances deterioration is noticed in the cerebellum. The Purkinje cells act as the pivot in the neuronal circuitry of the cerebellum, which initiates and maintains complex, but smooth pursuit movements and it can be identified as one of the factors which cause the decline in movement and memory in humans as age progresses. In the present study a quantitative analysis of the Purkinje cells of the human cerebellum was done using light microscopy in seventy human cerebellums. The tissue collected from post mortem specimen was subject to routine histological processing and the slides studied under light microscopy to assess the diameter and linear density of Purkinje cells. The results of the study showed that the Purkinje cells are seen as a linear interface at the junction of the molecular and granular layer. The number of Purkinje cells was observed to be more at the crests than at the troughs of each folia. The Purkinje cells showed a statistically significant decrease in number after the third decade with ballooning observed around the sixth decade. The study aims to provide information regarding quantitative changes of the Purkinje cells of the human cerebellar cortex so as to enable clinical correlation with age related cerebellar dysfunction. The Purkinje cell bodies are arranged in a sheet, one cell thick at the interface of the molecular and granular layers. Heterotopic Purkinje cells were described in the granular layer by Julio (1971). Purkinje cells are among the largest neurons, in the central nervous system. Palkovits (1971) in his study of the cat cerebellum observed the Purkinje cell diameter to be 29 m. In the rat, according to Smolyaninov (1971), the Purkinje cell bodies are 21 m in diameter and 25 m in length. Inukai (1928) estimated Purkinje cell number in the rat as 5.5 X10 5 in each cerebellum. Hall et al (1975) observed the total number of Purkinje cells in male to be 6-8% higher than that of females. Braitenberg and Atwood (1958) gave the number of Purkinje cells in man as 15X10 6 per cerebellar hemisphere. Bell and Dow (1967) gave the number of Purkinje cells as 5X10 5 , which when compared to other studies were very low. Armstrong and Schild (1970) estimated cell counts in rat as 3.5X10 5 , which was very similar to the findings of Smolyaninov (1971) i.e. 4.5 X 10 5 cells. Palkovits et al (1971) stated the Purkinje cell count in man to be 1.2-1.3X10 6 . Hillmann and Chen (1983) estimated Purkinje cell count to be 2.78X10 5 in rats. The number of Purkinje cell in rat was estimated by Harvey et al (1988) as 3.38X10 5 .

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“…Such age-related prolongation is typical of other reflexes (Warabi et al 1984(Warabi et al , 1986Sharpe and Zackon 1987;Moschner and Baloh 1994) due to delays in sensory transduction, nerve conduction, and synaptic transmission (Johnson and Miquel 1974;Glick and Bondareff 1979;Nosal 1979;Rogers et al 1984). The current study avoided this potential confound by employing an agematched control group.…”

Section: Possible Basis For Variation Of Lvor Latencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of unilateral vestibular deafferentation on the initial human vestibulo-ocular reflex to surge translation

2006

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Transient whole-body surge (fore-aft) translation at 0.5 G peak acceleration was administered to six subjects with unilateral vestibular deafferentation (UVD), and eight age-matched controls. Subjects viewed eccentric targets to determine if linear vestibulo-ocular reflex (LVOR) asymmetry might lateralize otolith deficits. Eye rotation was measured using magnetic search coils. Immediately before surge, subjects viewed a luminous target 50 cm away, centered or displaced 10° horizontally or vertically. The target was extinguished during randomly directed surges. LVOR gain relative to ideal velocity in subjects with UVD for the contralesional horizontally eccentric target (0.59 ± 0.08, mean ± SEM) did not differ significantly from normal (0.50 ± 0.04), but gain for the ipsilesional eccentric target (0.35 ± 0.02) was significantly less than normal (0.48 ± 0.03, P < 0.05). Normal subjects had mean gain asymmetry for horizontally eccentric targets of 0.17 ± 0.03, but asymmetry in UVD was significantly increased to 0.35 ± 0.05 (P < 0.05). Four of six subjects with UVD had maximum gain asymmetry outside normal 95% confidence limits. Asymmetry did not correlate with UVD duration. Gain for 10° vertically eccentric targets averaged 0.38 ± 0.14 for subjects with UVD, insignificantly lower than the normal value of 0.75 ± 0.15 (P > 0.05). Surge LVOR latency was symmetrical in UVD, and did not differ significantly from normal. There was no significant difference in response between dark and visible target conditions until 200 ms after surge onset. Chronic human UVD, on average, significantly impairs the surge LVOR for horizontally eccentric targets placed ipsilesionally, but this asymmetry is small relative to interindividual variation.

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Senescent microstructural changes in rat cerebellum

Cited by 134 publications

References 20 publications

Differential expression of Na,K-ATPase ?-isoform mRNAs in aging rat cerebellum

Differential expression of Na,K-ATPase ?-isoform mRNAs in aging rat cerebellum

Age Related Changes in the Purkinje Cells in Human Cerebellar Cortex

Effect of unilateral vestibular deafferentation on the initial human vestibulo-ocular reflex to surge translation

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