Seniors, and their food handlers and caregivers, need food safety and nutrition education

Abstract

Seniors are at greater risk than other adults for foodborne illness, poor nutrition and high rates of nutrition-and lifestyle-related chronic diseases. They also represent a major underserved segment of the UC Cooperative Extension client population. The Make Food Safe for Seniors (MFSFS) initiative assessed food safety and nutrition education needs of fixed-income seniors and food handlers and caregivers serving seniors in 10 California counties. Baseline survey results found unsafe practices by over 50% of the participants in six areasand by over 65% of participants in three of those areas. After one food safety training, a post-test showed an average knowledge gain of 18.1%; seniors had gained the least knowledge, food handlers had gained some knowledge, and caregivers had gained the most. The unsafe food handling practices of a majority of the study group, as well as poor food behaviors, suggested areas in which education could reinforce or improve food safety, healthy eating and disease prevention practices of seniors, caregivers and food handlers serving seniors.T he coming of age of baby boomers accelerated the rate at which California's population is turning gray. In "The Graying of California," a special issue of this journal, UC Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources (UC ANR 2010) acknowledged this as an emerging concern. Public health professionals for many years have been concerned that the workforce is not adequately prepared for the needs of America's aging population (Krisberg 2005). In our research we were concerned about the rapidly increasing numbers of older Californians at greater risk for foodborne illness (food poisoning) as well as their need for nutrition education to promote healthy aging (Blackburn 2010). Risk of foodborne illnessAdults over the age of 60 are more likely than younger adults to experience complications, hospitalization and death because of foodborne infections (Cates et al. 2009). Seniors with diminished capacity or physical impairment -who are taking multiple medicines or have weakened immune systems -are less able to fight foodborne pathogens, such as Salmonella, Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria, and other bacterial or viral infections (Kendall et al. 2006). About 80% of seniors in the United States have at least one chronic health condition, and 50% have at least two; some chronic conditions render them more susceptible to foodborne illness (CDC 2011a). About 3.6 million Californians are over age 65. At least 55% of these seniors suffer from hypertension, 50% from arthritis, 24.0% from heart disease, 17.3% are diagnosed with cancer and 14.8% have diabetes. These top five chronic disease conditions vary significantly in California by ethnic group (Wallace et al. 2003) (fig. 1).Of major concern are those seniors who are suffering from deficits in memory functioning. Lapses in episodic memory (the recollection of personally experienced events) are an important contributing factor to unsafe food handling, missed or mistakenly repeated doses of medications and ...

Evaluation of different food safety education interventions

“…At baseline, all participants first completed a survey, which measures safe food handling knowledge and perceived risk of contracting foodborne illness. The pre-survey included four self-efficacy questions (Table II) adapted from Byrd-Bredbenner et al (2007b); two self-risk assessment questions (Table III) developed by the authors; and 11 food safety knowledge questions adapted from previous work (Blackburn et al, 2014). The post-survey consisted of three program evaluation questions (Table IV) and the same self-risk assessment and food safety knowledge questions in the pre-survey.…”

Relationship Between Nutritional Care Practices and Burden of Caregivers for Bedridden Elderly

“…Caregivers should be skilled in handling food that is safe for the elderly. However, Blackburn et al (2014) found that safe food handling practices are lacking. Most of the caregivers in this study said that safe food preparation is occasionally practiced due to the lack of knowledge about proper food preparation for the elderly.…”

Food safety education for people with diabetes and pregnant women: A positive deviance approach

“…At the first meeting all participants completed a survey, which measured their safe food handling knowledge, and perceived risk of contracting foodborne illness. The pre-survey included four self-efficacy questions that were adapted from previous work (Byrd-Bredbenner et al, 2007); two self-risk assessment questions developed by the authors; and eleven food safety knowledge questions that were adapted from an educational program delivered in California (Blackburn et al, 2014). At the conclusion of the food safety intervention, participants completed a post-survey which consisted of three program evaluation questions and the same self-risk assessment and food safety knowledge questions in the pre-survey.…”