Senotherapeutics and Their Molecular Mechanism for Improving Aging

Abstract

Aging is defined as physiological dysfunction of the body and a key risk factor for human diseases. During the aging process, cellular senescence occurs in response to various extrinsic and intrinsic factors such as radiation-induced DNA damage, the activation of oncogenes, and oxidative stress. These senescent cells accumulate in many tissues and exhibit diverse phenotypes, such as resistance to apoptosis, production of senescence-associated secretory phenotype, cellular flattening, and cellular hypertrophy. They also induce abnormal dysfunction of the microenvironment and damage neighboring cells, eventually causing harmful effects in the development of various chronic diseases such as diabetes, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. Thus, pharmacological interventions targeting senescent cells, called senotherapeutics, have been extensively studied. These senotherapeutics provide a novel strategy for extending the health span and improving age-related diseases. In this review, we discuss the current progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms of senotherapeutics and provide insights for developing senotherapeutics.

A comprehensive overview of cellular senescence from 1990 to 2021: A machine learning-based bibliometric analysis

“…The size of the circle represents the number of publications in each topic, while the degree of line thickness represents the weight of connection between topics. senescent cells by targeting SASPs, while senescence-targeting immunotherapeutics mediated the clearance of senescent cells (26). By searching for novel MeSH terms that did not appear until 2015, we found immunosenescence in the top 10 MeSH terms, indicating that the role of immunity in cellular senescence has been focused by researchers.…”

“…This phenomenon suggested the importance people attached to senotherapeutics, which can be classified into three strategies (senolytics, senomorphics, and senescence-targeting immunotherapeutics). Senolytics selectively killed senescent cells, and senomorphics prevented the progression of young cells to senescent cells by targeting SASPs, while senescence-targeting immunotherapeutics mediated the clearance of senescent cells ( 26 ). By searching for novel MeSH terms that did not appear until 2015, we found immunosenescence in the top 10 MeSH terms, indicating that the role of immunity in cellular senescence has been focused by researchers.…”

Abl depletion via autophagy mediates the beneficial effects of quercetin against Alzheimer pathology across species

“…Interestingly, the combination of quercetin plus dasatinib (a non-speci c pharmacological inhibitor of Abl and Src tyrosine kinases) has been proposed as treatment to promote healthy aging thanks to their senolytic effect i.e. the ability of the treatments to speci cally kill senescent cells [111][112][113][114]. While there is no evidence that senescent cells killing play a role in C. elegans aging, our ndings suggest new mechanisms may underly the bene cial effect of combining quercetin and kinases inhibitors, which most likely go beyond their classical cell death activity.…”

Microfluidic-based functional materials: new prospects for wound healing and beyond

“…48 It has multiple functions, such as protecting against microbial invasion, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, sensory transmission, and temperature regulation. 49 Due to the intrinsic characteristics of the skin, wound healing is a complex process that requires a combination of endogenous and exogenous interference and is typically divided into four coordinated stages, including hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. 50 Timely treatment should be performed first to stop the bleeding when the trauma occurs, 51 followed by anti-inflammatory action to stop the inflammation and prevent wound infection and ulcer formation.…”