Sensilla on antenna, ovipositor and leg of <i><scp>E</scp>riborus applicitus</i> (<scp>H</scp>ymenoptera: <scp>I</scp>chneumonidae), a parasitoid wasp of <i><scp>H</scp>olcocerus insularis</i> staudinger (<scp>L</scp>epidoptera: <scp>C</scp>ossidae)

Zhang, Lu; Feng, Yuqian; Ren, Lili; Luo, Youqing; Wang, Zhen; Zong, Shixiang

doi:10.1111/azo.12073

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…These sensilla presented a single apical pore, therefore we hypothesize a gustatory function. This is consistent with observations in several species where presence of chemosensory sensilla at the apical part of ovipositor was reported [ 66 , 69 , 70 , 71 ]. Below gustatory sensilla, an elevation on ovipositor was observed, after which, ovipositor sensilla type II were observed, for which we hypothesized a mechanoreceptive role.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Ctenidia represent a common structure on internal walls of the egg channel. Number of ctenidia types varies between species, mainly in range from 1–2, however in a few cases up to 4 types were observed [ 64 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 ]. It is presumed, that ctenidia play a role in egg movement along the channel and in preventing backward movement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fine Morphology of Antennal and Ovipositor Sensory Structures of the Gall Chestnut Wasp, Dryocosmus kuriphilus

Sevarika

Stacconi

Romani

2021

Insects

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Dryocosmus kuriphilus is a gall-inducing insect, which can cause significant damage on plants of the genus Castanea Mill., 1754. Antennae and ovipositor are the main sensory organs involved in the location of suitable oviposition sites. Antennal sensilla are involved in the host plant location, while ovipositor sensilla assess the suitability of the ovipositional bud. On both organs, diverse sensillar organs are present. Here, the distribution and ultrastructural organization of the sensilla were investigated by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The antennae of D. kuriphilus are filiform and composed of 14 antennomeres, with the distal flagellomere bearing the highest number of sensilla. On the antennae, 6 sensilla types were found; sensilla chaetica, campaniformia, coeloconica-I, coeloconica-II, trichoidea and placoidea. The sensilla placoidea and trichoidea were the most abundant types. On the external walls of the ovipositor, gustatory and mechanoreceptive sensilla were observed. Internally, the egg channel hosted two additional sensory structures. The putative functional role of each sensilla in the context of insect’s ecology is discussed as well as the ovipositional mechanism used by this insect.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine Morphology of Antennal and Ovipositor Sensory Structures of the Gall Chestnut Wasp, Dryocosmus kuriphilus

Sevarika

Stacconi

Romani

2021

Insects

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“…Sensilla have important specific functions in the selection, localization, discrimination, and acceptance of a host by parasitoids (Keil, 1997; Zhang et al, 2014). Moreover, sexual dimorphism of antennae by type, distribution, and abundance of sensilla has been reported for different insects (Norton & Vinson, 1974; Barlin & Vinson, 1981; Delvare & Lasalle, 1993; Chen & Fadamiro, 2008; Onagbola et al, 2009) because sensilla play an important role in recognizing partners for mating (Weseloh, 1972; Battaglia et al, 2002) and to localize hosts (Van Baaren et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antennal Sensilla and Sexual Dimorphism of the Parasitoid Trichospilus pupivorus (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)

et al. 2016

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Sensory structures (sensilla) of insects are present in high number in the antennae are important for perceiving environmental cues. Thus, sensilla play an important role in the localization, discrimination, and acceptance of a possible host by parasitoid insects. The sensilla, classified according to their shape, size, and distribution, may also show sexual dimorphism in insects. The types and distribution of antennal sensilla in female and male parasitoid Trichospilus pupivorus (Ferriere, 1930) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) were evaluated. T. pupivorus females had longer antennae than males. Both males and females have ten sensilla types with higher abundance of placoid sensilla in females, which suggest a possible functional dimorphism.

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“…First, sensors and effective motor control are needed to search, reach, and assess a target accurately inside the substrate (De Leon, 1935;Wang & Keller, 2002;Ruschioni et al, 2015). Sensors are found, embedded in the cuticle, in almost all probes (Robinson, 1939;Leopold et al, 2003;Kundanati & Gundiah, 2014;Zhang et al, 2014). Because of their relatively small size, we do not expect that sensors have a large impact on the probe morphology and probing mechanics.…”

Section: Function and Theory Of Probing (1) Functional Demands Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional principles of steerable multi‐element probes in insects

et al. 2018

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Hemipterans, mosquitoes, and parasitic wasps probe in a variety of substrates to find hosts for their larvae or food sources. Probes capable of sensing and precise steering enable insects to navigate through solid substrates without visual information and to reach targets that are hidden deep inside the substrate. The probes belong to non‐related taxa and originate from abdominal structures (wasps) or mouthparts (hemipterans and mosquitoes), but nevertheless share several morphological characteristics. Although the transport function clearly differs (egg laying and acquisition of liquid food), the functional demands on the mechanical behaviour of the probe within the substrate tend to be similar. The probe needs to be thin to limit substrate deformation, and long, in order to attain substantial path lengths or depths. We linked the morphology across taxa to the different functional requirements, to provide insights into the biology of probing insects and the evolution of their probes. Current knowledge of insect probes is spread over many taxa, which offers the possibility to derive general characteristics of insect probing. Buckling during initial puncturing is limited by external support mechanisms. The probe itself consist of multiple (3–6) parts capable of sliding along one another. This multi‐part construction presumably enables advancement and precise three‐dimensional steering of the probe through the substrate with very low net external pushing forces, preventing buckling during substrate penetration. From a mechanical viewpoint, a minimum of three elements is required for 3D steering and volumetric exploration, as realised in the ovipositors of wasps. More elements, such as in six‐element probes of mosquitoes, may enhance friction in soft substrates. Alternatively, additional elements can have functions other than ‘drilling’, such as saliva injection in mosquitoes. Despite the gross similarities, probes show differences in their cross sections, tip morphologies, relative lengths of their elements, and the shape of their interconnections. The hypothesis is that the probe morphology is influenced by the substrate properties, which are mostly unknown. Correlating the observed diversity to substrate‐specific functional demands is therefore currently impossible. We conclude that a multipart probe with sliding elements is highly effective for volumetric substrate probing. Shared functional demands have led to an evolutionary convergence of slender multi‐element probes in disparate insect taxa. To fully understand 3D probing, it is necessary to study the sensory and material properties, as well as the detailed kinematics and dynamics of the various probes in relation to the nature of the selective pressure originating from the species‐specific substrates. Such knowledge will deepen our understanding of probing mechanisms and may support the development of slender, bio‐inspired probes.

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Sensilla on antenna, ovipositor and leg of Eriborus applicitus (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), a parasitoid wasp of Holcocerus insularis staudinger (Lepidoptera: Cossidae)

Cited by 16 publications

References 46 publications

Fine Morphology of Antennal and Ovipositor Sensory Structures of the Gall Chestnut Wasp, Dryocosmus kuriphilus

Fine Morphology of Antennal and Ovipositor Sensory Structures of the Gall Chestnut Wasp, Dryocosmus kuriphilus

Antennal Sensilla and Sexual Dimorphism of the Parasitoid Trichospilus pupivorus (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)

Functional principles of steerable multi‐element probes in insects

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