Sensing external spins with nitrogen-vacancy diamond

Grotz, Bernhard; Beck, Johannes; Neumann, Philipp; Naydenov, Boris; Reuter, Rolf; Reinhard, Friedemann; Jelezko, Fedor; Wrachtrup, Joerg; Schweinfurth, David; Sarkar, Biprajit; Hemmer, Philip

doi:10.1088/1367-2630/13/5/055004

Cited by 111 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…1a). The hyperfine interaction with 13 C is not considered here because only about 3.3% of the NV À centres experience strong hyperfine interaction (B130 MHz) with a firstshell 13 C. For the majority of the NV À centres in the ensemble, hyperfine interaction with 13 C causes line broadening with little effect on the central frequency.…”

Section: Article Nature Communications | Doi: 101038/ncomms5135mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent experiments have employed single NV À centres to detect distant nuclear spins in diamond [4][5][6][7][8] and external, nanoscale nuclear spin ensembles 9,10 , laying the foundations for routine magnetic resonance imaging with nanometre resolution 11,12 . Electron spins, in the form of either paramagnetic centres in the diamond lattice or radicals intimately associated with the diamond surface, have also been optically detected through their coupling to the NV À centre [13][14][15] . The characteristic spectra of the detected spins, however, are often broadened by these same interactions [13][14][15] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electron spins, in the form of either paramagnetic centres in the diamond lattice or radicals intimately associated with the diamond surface, have also been optically detected through their coupling to the NV À centre [13][14][15] . The characteristic spectra of the detected spins, however, are often broadened by these same interactions [13][14][15] . The spectroscopic details are, in general, not sufficiently resolved to provide critical chemical information.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Optically detected cross-relaxation spectroscopy of electron spins in diamond

et al. 2014

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The application of magnetic resonance spectroscopy at progressively smaller length scales may eventually permit 'chemical imaging' of spins at the surfaces of materials and biological complexes. In particular, the negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV À ) centre in diamond has been exploited as an optical transducer for nanoscale nuclear magnetic resonance. However, the spectra of detected spins are generally broadened by their interaction with proximate paramagnetic NV À centres through coherent and incoherent mechanisms. Here we demonstrate a detection technique that can resolve the spectra of electron spins coupled to NV À centres, in this case, substitutional nitrogen and neutral nitrogen-vacancy centres in diamond, through optically detected cross-relaxation. The hyperfine spectra of these spins are a unique chemical identifier, suggesting the possibility, in combination with recent results in diamonds harbouring shallow NV À implants, that the spectra of spins external to the diamond can be similarly detected.

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Section: Article Nature Communications | Doi: 101038/ncomms5135mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Optically detected cross-relaxation spectroscopy of electron spins in diamond

et al. 2014

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“…Precision metrology has already been demonstrated for DC and AC fields [9][10][11][12][13][14] , spins within the diamond lattice [15][16][17][18] and surface spins 19 . Here, we demonstrate sensing and imaging of stochastic magnetic fluctuations originating from freely diffusing electron spins such as paramagnetic oxygen (O 2 , S ¼ 1), MnCl 2 (S ¼ 5/2) and Gadolinium ions (Gd 3 þ , S ¼ 7/2) in liquids, immobilized in polymers and linked specifically to cellular structures.…”

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confidence: 99%

Magnetic spin imaging under ambient conditions with sub-cellular resolution

Steinert¹,

Ziem²,

et al. 2013

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The detection of small numbers of magnetic spins is a significant challenge in the life, physical and chemical sciences, especially when room temperature operation is required. Here we show that a proximal nitrogen-vacancy spin ensemble serves as a high precision sensing and imaging array. Monitoring its longitudinal relaxation enables sensing of freely diffusing, unperturbed magnetic ions and molecules in a microfluidic device without applying external magnetic fields. Multiplexed charge-coupled device acquisition and an optimized detection scheme permits direct spin noise imaging of magnetically labelled cellular structures under ambient conditions. Within 20 s we achieve spatial resolutions below 500 nm and experimental sensitivities down to 1,000 statistically polarized spins, of which only 32 ions contribute to a net magnetization. The results mark a major step towards versatile subcellular magnetic imaging and real-time spin sensing under physiological conditions providing a minimally invasive tool to monitor ion channels or haemoglobin trafficking inside live cells.

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“…To obtain spectral information on the target spins, most studies so far have focussed on using T 2 -based techniques, which have been applied to the spectroscopy of small ensembles of either electronic [20][21][22][23] or nuclear spins [24][25][26][27][28]. However, spectroscopy can * jtetienne@unimelb.edu.au also be achieved by relying on T 1 processes, via crossrelaxation between a probe spin (the NV centre's electron spin) and the target spins [29][30][31][32][33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anticrossing Spin Dynamics of Diamond Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers and All-Optical Low-Frequency Magnetometry

et al. 2016

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We investigate the photo-induced spin dynamics of single nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centres in diamond near the electronic ground state level anti-crossing (GSLAC), which occurs at an axial magnetic field around 1024 G. Using optically detected magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we first find that the electron spin transition frequency can be tuned down to 100 kHz for the 14 NV centre, while for the 15 NV centre the transition strength vanishes for frequencies below about 2 MHz owing to the GSLAC level structure. Using optical pulses to prepare and readout the spin state, we observe coherent spin oscillations at 1024 G for the 14 NV, which originate from spin mixing induced by residual transverse magnetic fields. This effect is responsible for limiting the smallest observable transition frequency, which can span two orders of magnitude from 100 kHz to tens of MHz depending on the local magnetic noise. A similar feature is observed for the 15 NV centre at 1024 G. As an application of these findings, we demonstrate all-optical detection and spectroscopy of externally-generated fluctuating magnetic fields at frequencies from 8 MHz down to 500 kHz, using a 14 NV centre. Since the Larmor frequency of most nuclear spin species lies within this frequency range near the GSLAC, these results pave the way towards all-optical, nanoscale nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, using longitudinal spin cross-relaxation.

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Sensing external spins with nitrogen-vacancy diamond

Cited by 111 publications

References 26 publications

Optically detected cross-relaxation spectroscopy of electron spins in diamond

Optically detected cross-relaxation spectroscopy of electron spins in diamond

Magnetic spin imaging under ambient conditions with sub-cellular resolution

Anticrossing Spin Dynamics of Diamond Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers and All-Optical Low-Frequency Magnetometry

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