Sensitive and accurate analyses of free 3-nitrotyrosine in exhaled breath condensate by LC–MS/MS

Göen, Thomas; Müller-Lux, A.; Dewes, P.; Musiol, A.; Kraus, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2005.08.001

Cited by 32 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Indeed, some advances in the MS quantification of Tyr modifications have been described (110,112,113,115,116,168 ), in particular, in the MS/MS technology, which currently is the only technology that can guarantee reliable, sensitive, and interference-free quantification of free and protein-bound NO 2 -Tyr in both plasma (112 ) and urine (113 ). This technology seems to be applicable even to exhaled breath condensate; a reliable and sensitive LC-MS/MS method was developed for the quantitative detection of free NO 2 -Tyr and revealed considerably lower values [NO 2 -Tyr concentration ranged between 3.9 ng/L (the limit of quantification) and 184 ng/L] than could be measured with immunoassays (169 ).…”

Section: Choice Of the Most Appropriate Biomarker(s) And Best Detectimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is currently used as a research and diagnostic tool in the free radical field, yielding information on redox disturbance and the degree and type of inflammation in the lung. However, the standardization of measured concentrations of potential oxidative stress biomarkers (e.g., NO 2 -Tyr) in exhaled breath condensate is currently an unresolved problem (169 ), unlike in urine and plasma (see above). With further technical developments, such an approach might ultimately have a role in the clinic, in helping to diagnose specific lung diseases.…”

Section: Prospects and Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biomarkers of Oxidative Damage in Human Disease

et al. 2006

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Oxidative/nitrosative stress, a pervasive condition of increased amounts of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species, is now recognized to be a prominent feature of many acute and chronic diseases and even of the normal aging process. However, definitive evidence for this association has often been lacking because of recognized shortcomings with biomarkers and/or methods available to assess oxidative stress status in humans. Emphasis is now being placed on biomarkers of oxidative stress, which are objectively measured and evaluated as indicators of normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacologic responses to therapeutic intervention. To be a predictor of disease, a biomarker must be validated. Validation criteria include intrinsic qualities such as specificity, sensitivity, degree of inter-and intraindividual variability, and knowledge of the confounding and modifying factors. In addition, characteristics of the sampling and analytical procedures are of relevance, including constraints and noninvasiveness of sampling, stability of potential biomarkers, and the simplicity, sensitivity, specificity, and speed of the analytical method. Here we discuss some of the more commonly used biomarkers of oxidative/nitrosative damage and include selected examples of human studies.

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Section: Choice Of the Most Appropriate Biomarker(s) And Best Detectimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Prospects and Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers of Oxidative Damage in Human Disease

et al. 2006

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“…Collection takes place by using an appliance which cools the exhaled breath to −20 • C, which results in condensate. The condensated droplets do not only consist of water and low-volatile organic compounds (VOCs) [4,5], they also contain non-volatile substances originating from the epithelial lining fluid of the lung and upper airways, such as cysteinyl-leukotrienes (cysLTs), prostaglandine E 2 (PGE 2 ) and leucotriene B 4 (LTB 4 ) [6]. Consequently, analysis of biomarkers in EBC offers the unique possibility of exploring the effect of diseases or different inhalative pollutants directly at the lung as the target organ.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous determination of 3-nitrotyrosine, tyrosine, hydroxyproline and proline in exhaled breath condensate by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry

Conventz

Musiol

Brodowsky

et al. 2007

Journal of Chromatography B

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“…In order to achieve a relatively low detection limit in EBC samples, it is often necessary to incorporate preconcentration steps (e.g., solid-phase extraction, lyophilization and liquid-liquid microextraction) prior to analysis. For example, Göen et al used a clean-up and preconcentration step for 3-nitrotyrosine measurement in EBC using a C 18 cartridge, before LC-MS/MS analysis [4]. In addition, Khoubnasabjafari et al used two sample preconcentration/preparation procedures (i.e., dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and ultrasonic liquid-liquid microextraction) before HPLC-UV analysis for determination of methadone in the EBC samples [5].…”

Section: Characteristics Of Exhaled Breath Condensatementioning

confidence: 99%

Exhaled Breath Condensate as an Alternative Sample for Drug Monitoring

2017

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, nail and hair are all commonly used samples in bioanalysis. Such biological samples can be used for many different purposes, including the early detection of disease, the follow-up on a cause of death in forensic science, drug dose adjustment in modern pharmacotherapy and for measuring enzyme activity in order to obtain phenotypic information for personalized medicine. Each of these biological samples has a number of advantages and disadvantages; however, serum and plasma are currently the most frequently used sample in clinical analysis. The levels of drugs in the blood, or its derived fluids, reflect the systemic levels of the analytes, and so these types of samples are widely accepted in the biomedical field. However, these samples possess a number of disadvantages, including: invasive sampling, the necessity for a skilled person to collect the sample, a very high matrix effect, patient-to-patient variability and a low compliance of the patients and/or sample donors.Exhaled breath (EB)/exhaled breath condensate (EBC) could be considered as a possible alternative sample type for drug monitoring purposes and also for the early detection/follow-up of disease through the monitoring appropriate biomarker levels [1] or the response to pharmacotherapy [2]. This editorial focuses on the advantages and disadvantages, as well as the recent findings, of the analysis of drugs in EBC. A number of important issues that should be resolved before further investigations on EBC will also be discussed. Characteristics of exhaled breath condensateThe main advantages of using EBC include: r A simpler matrix (low-matrix effect) when compared with other biological fluids; r A noninvasive nature and therefore greater compliance from patients during EBC collection; r No need for a skilled person to collect EBC; r Sampling could be repeated as frequently as required; r Direct sample injection into the analytical instruments is possible; r A greater possibility for chiral separation of enantioselective analytes.The main disadvantages of using EBC include: r A very low concentration of drugs/biomarkers due to dilution by the water vapor of exhaled air; r Different units are used to report the analytical data meaning that the data cannot easily be directly compared; r Possible contamination from the collection area (inhaled air) and also the saliva;

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Sensitive and accurate analyses of free 3-nitrotyrosine in exhaled breath condensate by LC–MS/MS

Cited by 32 publications

References 22 publications

Biomarkers of Oxidative Damage in Human Disease

Biomarkers of Oxidative Damage in Human Disease

Simultaneous determination of 3-nitrotyrosine, tyrosine, hydroxyproline and proline in exhaled breath condensate by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry

Exhaled Breath Condensate as an Alternative Sample for Drug Monitoring

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