Sensitive Determination of Toxic Clenbuterol in Pig Meat and Pig Liver Based on a Carbon Nanopolymer Composite

Insight into the Influence of Analyte Molecular Structure Targeted on MoS2-GO-Coated Electrochemical Nanosensors

“…The rightness for that is further demonstrated when considering the obtained results from the modification varying in some recent studies toward the CLB and 4-NP detection (Table 1). Namely, for CLBs, although the modification of the electrode surface aiming to increase the surface area and/or adsorption capacity as in the GO/ SWCNTs-Nafion/GCE 13 and GO/GCE electrodes 43 showed positive signals, these improvements were not really impressive when compared to the modified electrodes possessing an electrochemical catalytic component and good electrical conductivity such as (NH 4 ) 5 PV 8 Mo 4 O 40 /ZrO 2 /GCE 44 and Nafion-multilayer-CeO 2 /GCE electrodes. 15 The LOD values and linear range of these electrodes decreased and significantly widened.…”

“…Therefore, the electrode surface characteristics and the diffusion/adsorption ability, as well as interoperability between targeted analytes and the electrode surface play a crucial role in optimizing the electrochemical sensing performance. Accordingly, by using different types of modified electrodes, an increase in the number of reports for the precise detectability of CLB and 4-NP with great sensitivity and specificity has been recorded. ,,,− Indeed, some strategies have been applied to immobilize various functional nanomaterials such as (carbonaceous nanomaterials, metal/nonmetal nanomaterials, transition metal oxides, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), polymers, ...) on the working electrode surface aiming to enhance active surface area, adsorption ability, electronic conductivity, or even catalytic ability for electrochemical reactions. For instance, Xiao et al prepared a Nafion-modified multilayer-shaped CeO 2 electrode to determine the presence of CLB.…”

“…Compared with the nonmodified electrode, the modified electrode showed better electrocatalytic performance with a linear range from 0.39 to 2.79 μM and a low detection limit of 0.08 μM. Many other modified electrodes based on graphene/carbon nanotubes, , gold nanoparticles, ,,, silver nanowire, polyaniline, , and molecularly imprinted film , have also been reported toward CLB and 4-NP detection. More particularly, in recent literature, MoS 2 and its combination with GO have been widely studied as high potential substances for electrode modification aiming to enhance the detectability of chemical residues. − With a large surface area, excellent conductivity, good chemical stability, and strong mechanical strength, GO promotes the accumulation of analyte molecules and long-term stability.…”

Determination of β2-Agonist Residues in Meat Samples by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry with N-Doped Carbon Dots in Molecular Sieves

“…The effects of β 2 -agonists, namely clenbuterol, salbutamol, and ractopamine (Figure S1), include the growth of muscular tissue and reduction in body fat, and these kinds of compounds have also been applied as growth stimulants for cattle, sheep, and pigs, which actually formed the β 2 -agonist residues in products of animal origin [1][2][3]. However, it has been verified that acute intoxication, including headache, tachycardia nausea, dizziness, and other symptoms, may occur when people eat meats made from animals fed by β 2 -agonists; therefore, the use of these kinds of stimulants was banned by the World Health Organization (WHO) and many countries [4][5][6].…”

Machine Learning for Design of Phosphorene Nanozyme Sensor and Its Intelligent Analysis of Clenbuterol in Animal-Derived Agro-Products

“…Nowadays, the commonly used analytical techniques for CLB detection include gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), 5 high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), 6 colloidal gold immunoassay test strips, 7 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) 8 and electrochemical detection methods 9 etc. Among them, both HPLC and GC-MS have the disadvantages of requiring large-scale equipment, high cost, and long processing time.…”