Sensitive neutralization test for virus antibody

Abstract

A sensitive mumps virus plaque neutralization test has been developed based on the potentiation of virus-antibody complexes by heterologous anti-immunoglobulins (AIG). The enhanced neutralization test was approximately 100 times more sensitive than the conventional neutralization test or the hemagglutination-inhibition test. Using AIG against human immunoglobulin G (IgG) or human IgM permitted determination of the relative titers of the two classes of mumps antibody. The test does not require special equipment or expertise and can be readily introduced in virological laboratories.

Neutralization Activity and Persistence of Antibodies Induced in Response to Vaccination with a Novel Mumps Strain, RIT 4385

“…Neutralizing antibody titer was defined as the reciprocal of the serum dilution producing a 50% decrease in the number of viral plaques. Using Mu-90 mumps virus strain in this assay caused a prozone effect with serum dilutions between 1/16 and 1/64, as noted earlier with the Jeryl Lynn virus strain [12]. Therefore, as in the earlier study, the 1/64 dilution was used as the assay cutoff.…”

“…It is important to demonstrate that a mumps vaccine is capable of producing neutralizing activity against wild-type mumps using a vaccine with proven efficacy as standard, but there is some confusion over which assays are the most appropriate. In one study Triviraten™ elicited high ELISA seroconversion rates but no neutralizing activity [4], while in a second study it elicited poor ELISA seroconversion but similar neutralizing activity to M-M-R™II [12].…”

More Is Not Necessarily Better: Prozone-Like Effects in Passive Immunization with IgG

“…Given that the phenomenon of prozone-like effects in Ab protection has now been demonstrated for two pathogens in vivo, namely S. pneumoniae and C. neoformans, it is likely to be applicable to other microbes. Prozone effects have been described in Ab neutralization assays in vitro for human immunodeficiency, varicella zoster, and rubella viruses (32)(33)(34). Recently, a vaccine against herpesvirus failed to confer to protection despite eliciting high titers of neutralizing Abs (35), a finding that raises the possibility of a prozone-like effect.…”

Synergistic Neutralization of Rubella Virus by Monoclonal Antibodies to Viral Haemagglutinin

“…A linear relationship between the virus inoculum and the number of plaques was found. In anti-Igassisted Nt tests, 5 gl of the IgG fraction of rabbit anti-mouse immunoglobulins (Dakopatts, Copenhagen, Denmark) was added to virus-antibody mixtures previously incubated at 37 °C for 30 min and incubation continued for an additional 30 min before inoculation (Ashe & Notkins, 1966;Sato et al, 1979). SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions was performed as reported by Laemmli (1970).…”