Sensitive sensors based on bilayer organic field-effect transistors for detecting lithium-ion battery electrolyte leakage

Abstract

The leakage of flammable and explosive lithiumion battery (LIB) electrolytes can be one of the early symptoms of battery malfunction and can even lead to spontaneous battery combustion or electric car explosion. Therefore, it is necessary to find a rapid and simple method to monitor any leakage of LIB electrolytes. However, LIB electrolytes are generally composed of volatile and redox neutral carbonate solvents. Trace amounts of electrolyte leakage are difficult to detect effectively and rapidly by existing compact sensors. Here, for the first time, we propose a strategy that cooperatively combines the sensitivity of organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) and the selectivity of biurea receptors to detect LIB electrolyte leakage. The fabricated sensors show much higher sensitivity than the pristine sensor without receptors, and the detection limit of the sensor toward diethyl carbonate was 1.4 ppm. Trace amounts of LIB electrolyte leakage could be detected effectively in seconds, with 200 nL electrolyte leakage leading to a 3% response. We also demonstrate the real-time detection of LIB electrolyte leakage by our OFET sensors. The excellent performance of the receptorcoated OFET sensor makes it a good candidate for LIB safety monitoring and provides a promising platform for the development of sensing technologies.

Contactless Magnetoelectric Sensor Based on PVDF-TrFE and Metglass Laminates for Lithium-Ion Battery Current and Vibration Monitoring

“…During the serve time of the lithium-ion battery, the external vibrations or impacts may result in separation or puncturing of its electrode materials, leading to structural damage and potential safety accidents. − As the PVDF-TrFE component in the PVDF-TrFE/Metglass sensor exhibits excellent piezoelectric characteristics, it provides opportunities to realize real-time monitoring and response to external vibrations or impacts on lithium-ion batteries, as shown in Figure .…”

Deciphering Advanced Sensors for Life and Safety Monitoring of Lithium Batteries

“…The gas induced swelling sometimes will cause electrolyte leakage. [189,190] The generated gas can be analyzed by gas chromatography with different detectors, such as thermal conductivity detector [184,191] and mass spectrometer. [192] The gas species can be analysis sampled by a connected pipe between the sealed battery testing chamber and analyzer (Figure 8a) [193] or a syringe for a pouch type battery with a gas sampling port (Figure 8b).…”

“…In the battery thermal abuse and module nail penetration testing, the gas sensor shows the fastest and clearest signal compared with a sensor group sensing physicals signal of the battery. While, in the nail penetration testing of a larger module, the gas sensor shows 11 Bilayer organic field effect transistor DMC, electrolyte Real time leakage of battery [190] 12 Optical fiber Oxygen Cycle operation [221] an unexplainable signal evaluation (Figure 8c). [208] A commercial gas sensor group is integrated into an accelerating rate calorimeter (ARC) for sensing gas species when cell is heated to thermal runaway.…”

Diethyl carbonate (DEC) gas sensor based on CeO2 loaded In2O3 hollow spheres for thermal runaway monitoring of Li-ion batteries

“…If the leakage of the electrolyte can be directly warned before the decomposition of the electrolyte, 14) the danger will be further reduced. Diethyl carbonate (DEC) [15][16][17] is a common lithium-ion electrolyte component with the chemical formula C 5 H 10 O 3 , which is highly volatile, flammable, and has certain toxicity.…”