Sensitivity and specificity of the AdenoPlus point-of-care system in detecting adenovirus in conjunctivitis patients at an ophthalmic emergency department: a diagnostic accuracy study

Kam, Kai-Qian; Ong, Hon Shing; Bunce, Catey; Ogunbowale, Lola; Verma, Seema

doi:10.1136/bjophthalmol-2014-306508

Cited by 50 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The results strongly suggested that SAI is useful for avoiding false negative findings compared with IC. Previous tests using IC obtained higher detection limits than PCR and virus isolation …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous tests using IC obtained higher detection limits than PCR and virus isolation. 11,23 One possible explanation is that the colloidal gold and colored latex particles used for labeling in IC do not have high sensitivity for color development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have reported IC kits using tears containing conjunctival exudate (hereinafter referred to as tears) without using conjunctival swabs as clinical specimens. However, there are also reports of a positive concordance rate of 39.5% and sensitivity of 80% based on PCR using the same kit…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of a silver‐amplified immunochromatography kit for adenoviral conjunctivitis

Fujimoto

Hanaoka

Konagaya

et al. 2019

Journal of Medical Virology

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Objective To compare and evaluate the sensitivity of a newly developed silver‐amplified immunochromatography (SAI) kit with various immunochromatography (IC) kits for adenoviruses based on the detection limit (copies/test). Methods An SAI kit and four ophthalmic IC kits were evaluated. The detection limits of the five kits were determined using the limiting dilution method for 15 conjunctivitis‐associated adenoviruses (adenoviruses 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 11, 37, 53, 54, 56, 64, 81, and 85). The detection limits were presented as numerical values as determined by real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results The detection limit of the SAI kit for the adenovirus types ranged from 1.0 × 103–5.0 × 10 4 copies/test (geometric mean, 4.7 × 10 3). SAI had a 10–250‐fold lower detection limit than the four IC kits for all adenoviruses studied. There were also differences in detection limits among the adenovirus types for each kit. Discussion The detection limit of the SAI kit was drastically reduced because the silver‐amplification reaction increased the color development sensitivity. The results revealed the high sensitivity of SAI for detecting adenoviruses and suggested its usefulness for conjunctivitis examination.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of a silver‐amplified immunochromatography kit for adenoviral conjunctivitis

Fujimoto

Hanaoka

Konagaya

et al. 2019

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…A second-generation point-of-care diagnostic immunoassay that can detect the virus hexon antigen is available [44]. The result of the AdenoPlus (Quidel, San Diego, CA) returns quickly; though specificity is high, sensitivity can range widely [45,46]. As such, AdenoPlus may be better used to diagnose patients with adenoviral conjunctivitis than to screen patients with possible adenoviral conjunctivitis.…”

Section: Types Of Adenoviral Ocular Infections Diagnosis and Antibimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, depending on publication and location, when compared with PCR, AdenoPlus has a sensitivity of 39.5-90% and specificity of approximately 96% [45,46]. Reasons for the range of sensitivity values may be different swabbing techniques or different profiles of endemic adenoviral serotypes depending on geographical area.…”

Section: Types Of Adenoviral Ocular Infections Diagnosis and Antibimentioning

confidence: 99%

Adenoviral Keratoconjunctivitis: Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention

Kuo

2019

Curr Ophthalmol Rep

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Purpose of Review This review will provide an updated overview of the diagnosis, management, and prevention of adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis. Recent Findings Human adenovirus (HAdV) is undergoing nomenclature changes because of whole genome sequencing. Recombination has led to newly identified ocular pathogens like HAdV-D53, HAdV-D54, and HAdV-D56. No quick, highly sensitive and specific diagnostic test is available for ocular adenoviral infections. PCR takes a few hours but is not widely available. Results of using PCR in employees at one medical center support the view of endemic HAdV in the community. Summary Infection control is highly important as no treatment for ocular HAdV infections exists, ocular sequelae can be significant, and HAdV is endemic. Diagnosis of HAdVocular infections can be challenging; ophthalmologists are best positioned to diagnose the condition and provide antibiotic stewardship. Development of an accurate diagnostic test with quick turnaround would lead to major benefits in terms of less antibiotic use and fewer work furloughs. Outbreaks occur when infection control becomes lax.

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Does This Patient With Acute Infectious Conjunctivitis Have a Bacterial Infection?

Johnson

Liu

Simel

2022

JAMA

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IMPORTANCE Acute infectious conjunctivitis is characterized by ocular redness and discharge, and is a common clinical entity. Evidence-based tools to aid the clinical diagnosis of viral vs bacterial conjunctivitis are lacking and may contribute to overprescribing of topical antibiotics.OBJECTIVE To determine the relative prevalence of viral vs bacterial conjunctivitis in adults and children, and to determine which symptoms or signs are suggestive of a viral vs bacterial etiology.DATA SOURCES A MEDLINE search (January 1946-March 2022) yielded 1891 articles. Included articles were rated using a quality score based on a modified Rational Clinical Examination grading system. Methodological quality levels 1 through 4 required a microbiological reference standard for diagnosis, whereas quality level 5 (the lowest quality) used a clinical reference standard for diagnosis.STUDY SELECTION Consecutive series of patients presenting with acute infectious conjunctivitis and case series of viral or bacterial conjunctivitis alone. Thirty-two studies were included in a meta-analysis to determine prevalence and diagnostic accuracy measures; 27 used a microbiological reference standard for diagnosis and 5 used a clinical reference standard for diagnosis. RESULTSIn studies involving children (5 studies; 881 patients; mean age, 4.7 years [age range, 1 month-18 years]), the prevalence of bacterial conjunctivitis was higher than viral conjunctivitis (71% vs 16%, respectively, P = .01). In the only study of adults (n = 207 patients; mean age, 25.7 years), the prevalence of viral conjunctivitis was higher than bacterial conjunctivitis (78% vs 16%, respectively, P < .001). For the primary analysis of level 1 (n = 6) and level 2 (n = 5) studies (1725 patients total), the clinical findings that best distinguished a viral etiology for conjunctivitis from a bacterial etiology included pharyngitis (sensitivity range, 0.55-0.58; specificity range, 0.89-0.94; positive likelihood ratio [LR] range, 5.4-9.9), preauricular lymphadenopathy (sensitivity range, 0.17-0.31; specificity range, 0.93-0.94; positive LR range, 2.5-5.6), and contact with another person with red eye (

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Sensitivity and specificity of the AdenoPlus point-of-care system in detecting adenovirus in conjunctivitis patients at an ophthalmic emergency department: a diagnostic accuracy study

Abstract: The AdenoPlus test has a high specificity for diagnosing adenoviral conjunctivitis, but in this clinical setting, we could not reproduce the high sensitivity that has been previously published.

Cited by 50 publications

References 7 publications

Evaluation of a silver‐amplified immunochromatography kit for adenoviral conjunctivitis

Evaluation of a silver‐amplified immunochromatography kit for adenoviral conjunctivitis

Adenoviral Keratoconjunctivitis: Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention

Does This Patient With Acute Infectious Conjunctivitis Have a Bacterial Infection?

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