Sensitivity Enhancement of Ammonia Gas Sensor Based on Hydrothermally Synthesized rGO/WO<sub>3</sub> Nanocomposites

Punetha, Deepak; Pandey, Saurabh Kumar

doi:10.1109/jsen.2019.2950781

Cited by 52 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…These results are consistent with the design philosophy discussed in Section 2. The sensing capability the edge-loaded CNT antenna is also comparable to the reported sensors, [9][10][11][12] while this design offers simplified receiver because tracking frequency shift is easier than impedance as in Reference 9 and is low cost because CNT films are cheaper than Pb-based nanofilms. 12 The data points taken at several time intervals showed a continuous upshift of the frequency as well as increased reflection coefficient, which was as expected because the frequency shift could degrade the matching since the matching circuit was designed for the initial frequency.…”

Section: Gas Sensing Resultsmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Although there have been a handful of successful gas sensors made of semiconductors, 2 solid electrolytes, 3,4 optical fibers, 5 laser diodes, 6 and nondispersive infrared detectors, 7 applications of those designs were limited by the size of lumped elements, fabrication processes, and the ability to integrate with wireless networks. On the other hand, gas sensors based on planar geometries became a favorable choice with their conformal shapes and lower power consumption 1,8‐12 . The primary mechanism of those reported planar gas sensors has been the utilization of carbon nanotube (CNT) films because of the CNT's sensitivity when exposed to different gases, 13‐15 or by utilizing nanomaterial that changes properties when exposed to certain gases 10‐12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, gas sensors based on planar geometries became a favorable choice with their conformal shapes and lower power consumption. 1,[8][9][10][11][12] The primary mechanism of those reported planar gas sensors has been the utilization of carbon nanotube (CNT) films because of the CNT's sensitivity when exposed to different gases, [13][14][15] or by utilizing nanomaterial that changes properties when exposed to certain gases. [10][11][12] As the CNT film changes its conductivity when exposed to different gases, sensing can be achieved by tracking the change of the resonant frequency of a CNT-loaded LC circuit 1 or resonator, 8 or by tracking the change of the antenna's impedance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,[8][9][10][11][12] The primary mechanism of those reported planar gas sensors has been the utilization of carbon nanotube (CNT) films because of the CNT's sensitivity when exposed to different gases, [13][14][15] or by utilizing nanomaterial that changes properties when exposed to certain gases. [10][11][12] As the CNT film changes its conductivity when exposed to different gases, sensing can be achieved by tracking the change of the resonant frequency of a CNT-loaded LC circuit 1 or resonator, 8 or by tracking the change of the antenna's impedance. 9 Despite reported successful demonstrations of such sensors, we found that the sensitivity of the device can be improved and the design can be further simplified by a closer examination of the sensor fundamentals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon‐nanotube‐loaded planar gas and humidity sensor

Pei

Liu

et al. 2020

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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This paper reports a gas and humidity sensor design with improved sensitivity. The design is based on a planar antenna loaded with carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Sensing is achieved by the conductivity change of the CNT film when exposed to various gases or humidity levels. The sensitivity improvement was achieved by replacing a portion of the patch conductor at the dominant edge with a strip of CNT film, and accordingly having the CNT film exercise the maximum effect on the antenna's radiation. The fabricated sensor was tested in a sealed chamber by filling the chamber with several different gases and then with water vapor. The experimental results were excellent, and the gas sensing capability of the CNT-loaded patch antenna was better than previously reported designs. The sensor was designed for 2.4 GHz so that it can easily be compatible with Wi-Fi and Bluetooth devices, and the sensor geometry can be easily scaled to other frequencies, which shows great promise for applications of the proposed wireless sensor in environmental monitoring and weather forecasting.

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Section: Gas Sensing Resultsmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon‐nanotube‐loaded planar gas and humidity sensor

Pei

Liu

et al. 2020

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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“…The result shows the strong influence of rGO weight percentage on sensing performance. On increasing the rGO content upto x = 0.75, the sensor performance degrades, while further increase in rGO content leads to an increment in the graphene sheet, which encloses the SnO 2 nanomaterial by wrapping the active sites 32 . Hence, 0.90(PVDF) − 0.10[0.75(SnO 2 ) − 0.25 rGO] nanocomposition, has been considered as optimized compositions.…”

Section: Gas Sensing Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A new type low-cost, flexible and wearable tertiary nanocomposite sensor for room temperature hydrogen gas sensing

Punetha

Kar

Pandey

2020

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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This paper reports on reduced graphene oxide (rGO), tin oxide (SnO 2 ) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) tertiary nanocomposite thick film based flexible gas sensor. The nanocomposite of 0.90(PVDF) − 0.10[x(SnO 2 ) − (1 − x)rGO] with different weight percentages (x = 0, 0.15, 0.30, 0.45, 0.6, 0.75, 0.90 and 1) have been prepared by the hot press method. Chromium (Cr) has been deposited on the surface by using E-beam evaporation system, which is used as electrode of the device. Crystal structure, morphology, and electrical characteristics of the device have been explored for the technological application. A correlation between crystallinity, morphology, and electrical properties with these thick films has also been established. The device has been tested at different hydrogen (H 2 ) gas concentration as well as at different response times. A superior response of 0.90(PVDF) − 0.10[0.75(SnO 2 ) − 0.25 rGO] nanocomposite thick film has been observed. Hence, this composition is considered as optimized tertiary nanocomposite for the hydrogen gas sensor application. The sensor response of 49.2 and 71.4% with response time 34 sec and 52 sec for 100 PPM and 1000 PPM H 2 gas concentration respectively have been obtained. First time a new kind of low cost and flexible polymer based nanocomposite thick film gas sensor has been explored.

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Instant‐in‐Air Liquid Metal Printed Ultrathin Tin Oxide for High‐Performance Ammonia Sensors

Nguyen,

Taylor,

Zavabeti

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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Liquid metal‐based printing techniques are emerging as an exemplary platform for harvesting non‐layered 2D materials with a thickness down to a few nanometres, leading to an ultra‐large surface‐area‐to‐volume ratio that is ideal for sensing applications. In this work, the synthesis of 2D tin dioxide (SnO2) by exfoliating the surface oxide of molten tin is reported which highlights the enhanced sensing capability of the obtained materials to ammonia (NH3) gas is reported. It is demonstrated that amperometric gas sensors based on liquid metal‐derived 2D SnO2 nanosheets can achieve excellent NH3 sensing performance at low temperature (150 °C) with and without UV light assistance. Detection over a wide range of NH3 concentrations (5–500 ppm) is observed, revealing a limit of detection at the parts per billion (ppb) level. The 2D SnO2 nanosheets also feature excellent cross‐interference performance toward different organic and inorganic gas species, showcasing a high selectivity. Further, ab initio DFT calculations reveal the NH3 adsorption mechanism is dominated by chemisorption with a charge transfer into 2D SnO2 nanosheets. In addition, a proof of concept for prototype flexible ammonia sensors is demonstrated by depositing 2D SnO2 on a polyimide substrate, signifying the high potential of employing liquid metal printed SnO2 for realizing wearable gas sensors.

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Sensitivity Enhancement of Ammonia Gas Sensor Based on Hydrothermally Synthesized rGO/WO₃ Nanocomposites

Cited by 52 publications

References 30 publications

Carbon‐nanotube‐loaded planar gas and humidity sensor

Carbon‐nanotube‐loaded planar gas and humidity sensor

A new type low-cost, flexible and wearable tertiary nanocomposite sensor for room temperature hydrogen gas sensing

Instant‐in‐Air Liquid Metal Printed Ultrathin Tin Oxide for High‐Performance Ammonia Sensors

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Sensitivity Enhancement of Ammonia Gas Sensor Based on Hydrothermally Synthesized rGO/WO3 Nanocomposites

Cited by 52 publications

References 30 publications

Carbon‐nanotube‐loaded planar gas and humidity sensor

Carbon‐nanotube‐loaded planar gas and humidity sensor

A new type low-cost, flexible and wearable tertiary nanocomposite sensor for room temperature hydrogen gas sensing

Instant‐in‐Air Liquid Metal Printed Ultrathin Tin Oxide for High‐Performance Ammonia Sensors

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Product

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Sensitivity Enhancement of Ammonia Gas Sensor Based on Hydrothermally Synthesized rGO/WO₃ Nanocomposites