Sensitivity of femoral strain pattern analyses to resultant and muscle forces at the hip joint

Late Pleistocene human femoral diaphyseal curvature

“…Yet, tension in the iliotibial tract and associated musculature may well reduce most of that bending during a normal one-legged stance (Rybicki et al, 1972;Rohlmann et al, 1982;Lengsfeld et al, 1996). Anteroposterior bending would be expected to result from the dorsal displacement of the distal (condylar) joint reaction forces, anteversion (if pronounced), contraction of the dorsal ischiocrural musculature and possibly of quadriceps femoris, and anterior acceleration and deceleration of body mass with push-off and heel-strike.…”

“…A variety of analyses using biomechanical modeling or the application of forces to cadaveric specimens (e.g., Rybicki et al, 1972;Rohlmann et al, 1982;Cristofolini et al, 1995;Lengsfeld et al, 1996;Cordey et al, 1999;Szivek et al, 2000;Simões et al, 2000) and one in vivo study (Aamodt et al, 1997) documented varying levels of strain in the human femur induced by joint reaction and muscular forces. Yet, it has been shown that not only individual muscle packages (such as those associated with the iliotibial tract; Rybicki et al, 1972;Rohlmann et al, 1982;Lengsfeld et al, 1996), but especially a more realistic combination of multiple muscles and muscle complexes influencing strains on the femur, can significantly reduce those strains. Two studies (Taylor et al, 1996;Duda et al, 1997) found that modeling both muscle and joint reaction forces in an analysis of femoral diaphyseal stress patterns may convert most of the diaphyseal bending stresses to ones of axial compression.…”

Exercise loading history and femoral neck strength in a sideways fall: A three-dimensional finite element modeling study

“…[22], and 2 GPa [22] were set for the cortical, trabecular bone, the aluminum distal pot, and the protecting PMMA caps, respectively. Poisson's ratio was assumed as 0.33 [29][30][31] for all materials.…”

Aberrant pelvis and hip kinematics impair hip loading before and after total hip replacement

“…We assessed whether gait deviations related to a non-physiologic loading condition of the hip joint or implant. Insight in this relation is of clinical significance since joint loading contributes to the development of osteoarthritis [17,18] and implant loading contributes to the process of bone remodelling and therefore implant fixation [23][24][25].…”