Sensitivity of the magnetization curves of different austenitic stainless tube and pipe steels to mechanical fatigue

Investigation of the Evolution of Schmid Factors (SF) in 316 Stainless Steel during In Situ Plastic Deformation

“…After stretching to Point 3, the SF value of some pixels continued to slow down, and the SF of Pixel E and Pixel F were 0.291 and 0.292, and their activated slip systems were both (1-1-1)[101]. The decrease in SF was still due to the increase of ϕ since the calculated results showed that the ϕ E and ϕ F were approximately 68.95 • and 68.92 (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)[110]. The computed results showed that, for Pixel G, the max SF occurred on the (111) slip system since the ϕ and λ values in this system were approximately 68.51 • and 35.9 • ; thus, the SF of this system was approximately 0.296.…”

“…Type 316 austenitic stainless steel (ASS), next only to 304 ASS, is the second most widely used model in the world for austenitic stainless steel [1,2]. Generally, 316 ASS has excellent fabricability, heat resistance, ductility, weldability, and good resistance to stress corrosion, which are extensively employed in the architectural industry, automotive industry, mechanical industry, and energy source industry [3][4][5]. Nevertheless, these 316 ASS steel structural components utilized in engineering practices often suffer from tension loads or high energy impacts, which may cause severe plastic deformation during their service life [6].…”

“…The average lattice orientation (LO) maps of Grains 3, 5, 7, and 8 are shown in Figure3b, and their specific Euler angle values are also given here. The Miller indices of Grain 3 are (9, 30, 95) [−6.86, −95.01, 30.43], and its activated slip system is(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)[110]. Numerical computation showed that the angle ϕ between loading direction X 1 and the slip plane normal was 46.79 • , and the angle λ between X 1 and slip direction was approximately 43.92 • ; thus, Grain 3 has a SF value as high as 0.492.…”

Stress-induced martensitic transformation during tensile test of full-size TF conductor jacket tube at 4.2 K

“…Considering the fact that the distance between two adjacent sites is 20 mm, the magnetic data above suggests that the amount of '-martensite decreases in a linearly proportional manner along axis direction from the fracture to the end (Fig 4(a)), and '-martensite transformation is probably considered finished at site 5 (V ' =0.3%). Hence, applying magnetic minor loops for the non-destructive evaluation of fracture in austenitic SS is feasible, even if a very small amount of '-martensite is formed [14]. In addition, the saturation magnetic field of about ±1500 Oe indicates detailed hysteresis curve Fig 4(b).…”

In-situ EBSD study of the degradation behavior in a type 316 Austenitic Stainless Steel during plastic deformation

“…Nowadays, the 316 steels are widely used in industrial field, such as food industry equipment (container, tube, pump), Naval engineering, Road transport, Construction industry (architectural components, roofing, façade), Water industry, Chemical and pharmaceutical industry, Oil and gas industry, and Paper industry. 5–8 However, there still has been a very limited research to figure out the degradation behavior of 316 ASS from the microscopic view. Due to the widespread use of 316 ASS, it will be quite meaningful to investigate the damage evolution process and the degradation characterization method of this material, especially at the micro-scale.…”