Sensitivity of trace gas abundances retrievals from infrared limb emission spectra to simplifying approximations in radiative transfer modelling

Stiller, G. P.; Clarmann, T. von; Funke, B.; Glatthor, N.; Hase, Frank; Höpfner, Michael; Linden, A.

doi:10.1016/s0022-4073(01)00123-6

Cited by 158 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…However, for other parameters the MIPAS-B performance is superior, in particular for the NESR and for the lineof-sight stabilization, which is based on an inertial navigation system supplemented with an additional star reference system and leads to a knowledge of the tangent altitude on the order of 90 m (3σ ). The MIPAS-B NESR is further improved by averaging multiple spectra recorded at the same Retrieval of all species is performed on a 1 km grid with a least squares fitting algorithm using analytical derivative spectra calculated by the Karlsruhe Optimized and Precise Radiative transfer Algorithm Stiller et al, 2002). To avoid retrieval instabilities due to oversampling of vertical grid points, a regularization approach is adopted, which constrains with respect to a first-derivative a priori profile according to the method described by Tikhonov and Phillips.…”

Section: Comparison With Mipas Balloonmentioning

confidence: 99%

CCl<sub>4</sub> distribution derived from MIPAS ESA v7 data: intercomparisons, trend, and lifetime estimation

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Atmospheric emissions of carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) are regulated by the Montreal Protocol due to its role as a strong ozone-depleting substance. The molecule has been the subject of recent increased interest as a consequence of the so-called "mystery of CCl 4 ", the discrepancy between atmospheric observations and reported production and consumption. Surface measurements of CCl 4 atmospheric concentrations have declined at a rate almost 3 times lower than its lifetime-limited rate, suggesting persistent atmospheric emissions despite the ban. In this paper, we study CCl 4 vertical and zonal distributions in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (including the photolytic loss region, 70-20 hPa), its trend, and its stratospheric lifetime using measurements from the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS), which operated onboard the ENVISAT satellite from 2002 to 2012. Specifically, we use the MIPAS data product generated with Version 7 of the Level 2 algorithm operated by the European Space Agency.The CCl 4 zonal means show features typical of long-lived species of anthropogenic origin that are destroyed primarily in the stratosphere, with larger quantities in the troposphere and a monotonic decrease with increasing altitude in the stratosphere. MIPAS CCl 4 measurements have been compared with independent measurements from other satellite and balloon-borne remote sounders, showing a good agreement between the different datasets.CCl 4 trends are calculated as a function of both latitude and altitude. Negative trends of about −10 to −15 pptv decade −1 (−10 to −30 % decade −1 ) are found at all latitudes in the upper troposphere-lower stratosphere region, apart from a region in the southern midlatitudes between 50 and 10 hPa where the trend is positive with values around 5-10 pptv decade −1 (15-20 % decade −1 ). At the lowest altitudes sounded by MIPAS, we find trends consistent with those determined on the basis of long-term ground-based measurements (−10 to −13 pptv decade −1 ). For higher altitudes, the trend shows a pronounced asymmetry between the Northern and Southern hemispheres, and the magnitude of the decline rate increases with altitude. We use a simplified model assuming tracer-tracer linear correlations to determine CCl 4 lifetime in the lower stratosphere. The calculation provides a global average lifetime of 47 (39-61) years, considering CFC-11 as the reference tracer. This value is consistent with the most recent literature result of 44 (36-58) years.

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Section: Comparison With Mipas Balloonmentioning

confidence: 99%

CCl<sub>4</sub> distribution derived from MIPAS ESA v7 data: intercomparisons, trend, and lifetime estimation

et al. 2017

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“…This procedure is structurally similar to the scheme described by Rodgers (2000). The forward model is the Karlsruhe Optimised and Precise Radiative transfer Algorithm (KOPRA; Stiller et al, 2002). The regularisation matrix is of the form R = T T 1 T 1 +D, where T 1 is a first-order derivative operator and is a diagonal matrix containing weights for each altitude step (cf.…”

Section: Retrieval Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrievals of heavy ozone with MIPAS

et al. 2016

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Abstract. A method for retrieval of 18 O-substituted isotopomers of O 3 in the stratosphere with the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) is presented. Using a smoothing regularisation constraint, volume mixing ratio profiles are retrieved for the main isotopologue and the symmetric and asymmetric isotopomers of singly substituted O 3 . For the retrieval of the heavy isotopologues, two microwindows in the MIPAS A band (685-970 cm −1 ) and six in the AB band (1020-1170 cm −1 ) are used. As the retrievals are performed as perturbations on the previously retrieved a priori profiles, the vertical resolution of the individual isotopomer profiles is very similar, which is important when calculating the ratio between two isotopomers. The performance of the method is evaluated using 1044 vertical profiles recorded with MIPAS on 1 July 2003.The mean values are separated by latitude bands, along with estimates of their uncertainties. The asymmetric isotopomer shows a mean enrichment of ∼ 8 %, with a vertical profile that increases up to 33 km and decreases at higher altitudes. This decrease with altitude is a robust result that does not depend on retrieval settings, and it has not been reported clearly in previously published datasets. The symmetric isotopomer is considerably less enriched, with mean values around 3 % and with a large spread. In individual retrievals the uncertainty of the enrichment is dominated by the measurement noise (2-4 %), which can be reduced by averaging multiple retrievals; systematic uncertainties linked to the retrieval are generally small at ∼ 0.5 %, but this is likely underestimated because the uncertainties in key spectroscopic parameters are unknown. The variabilities in the retrieval results are largest for the Southern Hemisphere.

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“…The look-up tables were calculated with the Reference Forward Model (RFM) (Dudhia et al, 2002;Dudhia, 2013), which is an exact line-by-line model specifically developed for MIPAS. JURASSIC has been compared to the line-byline models RFM and the Karlsruhe Optimized and Precise Radiative transfer Algorithm (KOPRA) (Stiller, 2000;Stiller et al, 2002) for selected spectral windows and shows good agreement .…”

Section: Jurassicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volcanic ash detection with infrared limb sounding: MIPAS observations and radiative transfer simulations

Grießbach¹,

Hoffmann²,

Spang³

et al. 2014

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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Abstract. Small volcanic ash particles have long residence times in the troposphere and the stratosphere so that they have significant impact on the Earth's radiative budget and consequently affect climate. For global long-term observations of volcanic aerosol, infrared limb measurements provide excellent coverage, sensitivity to thin aerosol layers, and altitude information. The optical properties of volcanic ash and ice particles, derived from micro-physical properties, have opposing spectral gradients between 700 and 960 cm −1 for small particle sizes. Radiative transfer simulations that account for single scattering showed that the opposing spectral gradients directly transfer to infrared limb spectra. Indeed, we found the characteristic spectral signature, expected for volcanic ash, in measurements of the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) after the eruption of the Chilean volcano Puyehue-Cordón Caulle in June 2011. From these measurements we derived an ash detection threshold function. The empirical ash detection threshold was confirmed in an extensive simulations study covering a wide range of atmospheric conditions, particle sizes and particle concentrations for ice, volcanic ash and sulfate aerosol. From the simulations we derived the upper detectable effective radius of 3.5 µm and the detectable extinction coefficient range of 5 × 10 −3 to 1 × 10 −1 km −1 . We also showed that this method is only sensitive to volcanic ash particles, but not to volcanic sulfate aerosol. This volcanic ash detection method for infrared limb measurements is a fast and reliable method and provides complementary information to existing satellite aerosol products.

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Sensitivity of trace gas abundances retrievals from infrared limb emission spectra to simplifying approximations in radiative transfer modelling

Cited by 158 publications

References 86 publications

CCl<sub>4</sub> distribution derived from MIPAS ESA v7 data: intercomparisons, trend, and lifetime estimation

CCl<sub>4</sub> distribution derived from MIPAS ESA v7 data: intercomparisons, trend, and lifetime estimation

Retrievals of heavy ozone with MIPAS

Volcanic ash detection with infrared limb sounding: MIPAS observations and radiative transfer simulations

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Sensitivity of trace gas abundances retrievals from infrared limb emission spectra to simplifying approximations in radiative transfer modelling

Cited by 158 publications

References 86 publications

CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; distribution derived from MIPAS ESA v7 data: intercomparisons, trend, and lifetime estimation

CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; distribution derived from MIPAS ESA v7 data: intercomparisons, trend, and lifetime estimation

Retrievals of heavy ozone with MIPAS

Volcanic ash detection with infrared limb sounding: MIPAS observations and radiative transfer simulations

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Product

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CCl<sub>4</sub> distribution derived from MIPAS ESA v7 data: intercomparisons, trend, and lifetime estimation

CCl<sub>4</sub> distribution derived from MIPAS ESA v7 data: intercomparisons, trend, and lifetime estimation