Sensitivity of unmanaged relict pine forest in the Czech Republic to climate change and air pollution

Vacek, Stanislav; Vacek, Zdeněk; Remeš, J.; Bílek, Lukáš; Hůnová, Iva; Bulušek, Daniel; Putalová, Tereza; Král, Jan; Simon, Jaroslav

doi:10.1007/s00468-017-1572-0

Cited by 34 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The structure and growth of pine stands in the Czech Republic were dealt with by Bílek et al (2016); or Sharma et al (2017). The dynamics of relict pine stands in relation to environmental conditions were dealt with in the Czech Republic by Bílek et al (2016) and Vacek et al (2017). The main characteristics of spontaneous development of natural pine stands in given conditions are high age of individual trees in the upper story, extraordinary regeneration capacity with predominantly clustered spatial distribution of seedlings and saplings, and a significant increase of dead wood during the monitoring period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We naturally find these on a large scale in the Czech Republic only on poor and dry sandy soils. In other places, its natural appearance is bound to the relatively smaller extreme locations such as the rock outcrops and the edges of the crystalline and carbonate rocks and the sandstone rock towns (Kučera, 1999;Bohn et al, 2003;Vacek et al, 2017). Among the most important works characterizing these communities in Europe belong Passarge (1963), Lilja and Kuuluvainen (2005), Rouvinen and Kuuluvainen (2005), Gaudio et al (2011), Matuszkiewicz et al (2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, there is an evident trend to transform artificial forest into ecosystems with higher degree of naturalness (Zerbe, 2002;Schou et al, 2012;Hlásny et al, 2017) and higher resistance and resilience (Déchêne & Buddle, 2010;Griess et al, 2012;Neuner et al, 2014;Allen et al, 2002;Reynolds et al, 2013;Salamon et al, 2008;Zaistev et al, 2014). In addition, in less productive pine forests, reduction in active management has occurred in recent decades, which may also result in positive successive changes (Vacek et al, 2017). Since 2006 the monitored stands and the whole Nature Reserve (NR) Kostelecké bory have been left to spontaneous development (Vacek et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The structure of forest stands can be defined on the basis of a number of parameters (Spies & Franklin, 1991;Poage & Tappeiner, 2005). The structure includes both the vertical and the horizontal components and the species arrangement (Maltamo et al, 2005;Vacek et al, 2017). Since the relict pine stands left to spontaneous development have been scarcely explored from this point of view in Central Europe, we have focused on all the above-mentioned attributes in this paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stand dynamics in natural Scots pine forests as a model for adaptation management?

Vacek¹,

Vacek²,

Bílek³

et al. 2020

Dendrobiology

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The paper deals with the dynamics of structure, diversity and growth of natural pine stands without direct human impact during the ten-year period in Nature Reserve (NR) Kostelecké bory, Czech Republic. The objective was to determine the main characteristics of the spontaneous development of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forest stands in relation to their naturalness, ecological stability and adaptation to climate change and air pollution stress. Horizontal and vertical structure and species diversity of the tree layer, dead wood and natural regeneration of each permanent research plot (PRP) were evaluated (n = 6, 50 × 50 m /0.25 ha/, Northern Bohemia, 410-425 m above sea level). The average ring series of PRPs were correlated with the climatic data (precipitation, temperature) according to individual years from the Doksy climatic station, and the air pollution data (SO 2 in 1988-2015, NO X and AOT40F-ozone exposure in 1992-2015) from Radimovice station. In 2016, the stand volume increased by 26.0% to 136 m 3 ha −1 (108 m 3 ha −1 in 2006) and the volume of dead wood increase by 127.2% to 27 m 3 ha −1 (12 m 3 ha −1 in 2006). The horizontal structure of tree layer and natural regeneration was predominantly aggregated to random. More distinct changes in biodiversity and structural characteristics occurred in the natural regeneration (21.5%) compared to tree layer (2.8%). The precipitation had a significantly higher effect on radial growth compared to temperature. The lack of precipitation in growing season and high temperature in previous autumn and winter were limiting factors for growth. Climatic factors had significant effect on diameter increment in July of the current year (P < 0.01) and June of the current and previous year (P < 0.05). Radial growth was negatively correlated with SO 2 concentrations (P < 0.01) and ozone exposure (P < 0.05). NO X concentrations had low effect on radial growth. The natural stand dynamics had positive effect on biodiversity and functional integrity of natural pine ecosystems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Stand dynamics in natural Scots pine forests as a model for adaptation management?

Vacek¹,

Vacek²,

Bílek³

et al. 2020

Dendrobiology

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“…Severe air pollution affected both human health and the environment. Mismanaged forest ecosystems were susceptible to additional stresses [50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57]. A substantial part of forest areas (more Atmosphere 2020, 11, 214 7 of 26 than 60%) were damaged in various degrees by air pollution, namely SO 2 acting either directly or indirectly via acid deposition and subsequent soil changes.…”

Section: Environmental Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient Air Quality in the Czech Republic: Past and Present

Hůnová

2020

Atmosphere

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Based on an analysis of related core papers and reports, this review presents a historical perspective on ambient air pollution and ambient air quality development in the modern-day Czech Republic (CR) over the past seven decades, i.e., from the 1950s to the present. It offers insights into major air pollution problems, reveals the main hot spots and problematic regions and indicates the principal air pollutants in the CR. Air pollution is not presented as a stand-alone problem, but in the wider context of air pollution impacts both on human health and the environment in the CR. The review is arranged into three main parts: (1) the time period until the Velvet Revolution of 1989, (2) the transition period of the 1990s and (3) the modern period after 2000. Obviously, a major improvement in ambient air quality has been achieved since the 1970s and 1980s, when air pollution in the former Czechoslovakia culminated. Nevertheless, new challenges including fine aerosol, benzo[a]pyrene and ground-level ozone, of which the limit values are still vastly exceeded, have emerged. Furthermore, in spite of a significant reduction in overall emissions, the atmospheric deposition of nitrogen, in particular, remains high in some regions.

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Modelling crown width–diameter relationship for Scots pine in the central Europe

Sharma

Bílek

Vacek

et al. 2017

Trees

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Sensitivity of unmanaged relict pine forest in the Czech Republic to climate change and air pollution

Cited by 34 publications

References 49 publications

Stand dynamics in natural Scots pine forests as a model for adaptation management?

Stand dynamics in natural Scots pine forests as a model for adaptation management?

Ambient Air Quality in the Czech Republic: Past and Present

Modelling crown width–diameter relationship for Scots pine in the central Europe

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