Sensitivity to antibiotics of bacteria of the genus Aeromonas isolated from developed groundwater points and some surface water points in the Commune of Nkolafamba (Centre Cameroon)

Abstract

A study aimed at studying the sensitivity of bacteria of the Aeromonas genus to six (06) common antibiotics was carried out in groundwater and surface water points in the city of Nkolafamba (Centre Cameroon). The parameters considered were the physicochemical and bacteriological parameters. The water samples were taken and then analyzed using standard methods. The physicochemical parameters considered were the temperature, the pH among others. On the bacteriological level, in addition to the abundance dynamics of Heterotrophic Aerobic Mesophilic Bacteria (BHAM), that of bacteria of the genus Aeromonas as well as their sensitivity to antibiotics were monitored. The variables obtained were analyzed using the appropriate software. Overall, it appears that the water temperature was closely related to the ambient temperature (P<0.01), the pH of the water is mostly acidic. This acidity was a function of the leached soils. The abundance of BHAMs varied over the study period from 10 4 CFU/100 ml to 2.5 x 10 6 CFU/100 ml. A total of 5 species of Aeromonas have been isolated : A. media, A. jandaei, A. hydrophyla, A. schubertii and A. salmonicida. All species usually present resistance to antibiotics. However, when the sensitivity was preserved, the average diameters of inhibition could reach 24 mm with gentamicin and 25 mm with ciprofloxacin for the species isolated from surface waters. The same inhibition diameters did not exceed 19 mm for groundwater. The resistance of bacteria to the usual antibiotics testifies to the need to carry out antibiogram tests before any health prescription in the event of contamination.