Sensitivity to Reward Frequency in Boys With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Tripp, Gail; Alsop, Brent

doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp280309

Cited by 162 publications

(165 citation statements)

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“…Within each block an equal number of short and long mouths were presented for 100 ms each. Stimulus exposure (100 ms) and the difference between mouth sizes (11.5 vs. 13 mm) were identical to those used in prior studies using this paradigm Tripp and Alsop, 1999), and were selected after extensive pilot testing to achieve appropriate psychometric properties of the task (e.g., overall hit rates of approximately 75-85%). Importantly, the difference between mouth sizes as well as the duration of stimulus exposure was small, which provided an ideal experimental setting for allowing the development of a response bias (McCarthy and Davison, 1979) without the risk of inducing performance at chance level.…”

Section: Task and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To elicit a response bias, an asymmetric reinforcer ratio was utilized (McCarthy and Davison, 1979;Tripp and Alsop, 1999). Specifically, correct identification of either the short or long mouth was rewarded ("Correct!!…”

Section: Task and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Performance was analyzed with respect to response bias, discriminability, and reaction time (RT), following prior procedures (McCarthy and Davison, 1979;Tripp and Alsop, 1999). Hit rates [(number of hits)/(number of hits + number of misses)] were also computed, although they are imperfect measures of performance, especially in the presence of response biases (Macmillan and Creelman, 1991).…”

Section: Data Collection and Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reduced hedonic capacity in major depressive disorder: Evidence from a probabilistic reward task

Pizzagalli

Iosifescu

Hallett

et al. 2008

Journal of Psychiatric Research

665

693

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Objective-Anhedonia, the lack of reactivity to pleasurable stimuli, is a cardinal feature of depression that has received renewed interest as a potential endophenotype of this debilitating disease. The goal of the present study was to test the hypothesis that individuals with major depression are characterized by blunted reward responsiveness, particularly when anhedonic symptoms are prominent.Methods-A probabilistic reward task rooted within signal-detection theory was utilized to objectively assess hedonic capacity in 23 unmedicated subjects meeting DSM-IV criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD) and 25 matched control subjects recruited from the community. Hedonic capacity was defined as reward responsiveness -i.e., the participants' propensity to modulate behavior as a function of reward.Results-Compared to controls, MDD subjects showed significantly reduced reward responsiveness. Trial-by-trial probability analyses revealed that MDD subjects, while responsive to delivery of single rewards, were impaired at integrating reinforcement history over time and expressing a response bias toward a more frequently rewarded cue in the absence of immediate reward. This selective impairment correlated with self-reported anhedonic symptoms, even after considering anxiety symptoms and general distress.Conclusions-These findings indicate that MDD is characterized by an impaired tendency to modulate behavior as a function of prior reinforcements, and provides initial clues about which aspects of hedonic processing might be dysfunctional in depression.

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Section: Task and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Task and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data Collection and Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Reduced hedonic capacity in major depressive disorder: Evidence from a probabilistic reward task

Pizzagalli

Iosifescu

Hallett

et al. 2008

Journal of Psychiatric Research

665

693

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To produce a response bias, an asymmetric reinforcement ratio was utilized. (McCarthy and Davison, 1979;Tripp and Alsop, 1999) Subjects received a reward for correct identification of either the short or long mouth ('Correct!! You won 5 cents') three times more frequently for correct identification of one stimulus ('rich stimulus') than for correct identification of the other stimulus ('lean stimulus').…”

Section: Task and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dopamine-Related Deficit in Reward Learning After Catecholamine Depletion in Unmedicated, Remitted Subjects with Bulimia Nervosa

Grob

Pizzagalli

Dutra

et al. 2012

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Disturbances in reward processing have been implicated in bulimia nervosa (BN). Abnormalities in processing reward-related stimuli might be linked to dysfunctions of the catecholaminergic neurotransmitter system, but findings have been inconclusive. A powerful way to investigate the relationship between catecholaminergic function and behavior is to examine behavioral changes in response to experimental catecholamine depletion (CD). The purpose of this study was to uncover putative catecholaminergic dysfunction in remitted subjects with BN who performed a reinforcement-learning task after CD. CD was achieved by oral alpha-methyl-para-tyrosine (AMPT) in 19 unmedicated female subjects with remitted BN (rBN) and 28 demographically matched healthy female controls (HC). Sham depletion administered identical capsules containing diphenhydramine. The study design consisted of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover, single-site experimental trial. The main outcome measures were reward learning in a probabilistic reward task analyzed using signal-detection theory. Secondary outcome measures included self-report assessments, including the Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire. Relative to healthy controls, rBN subjects were characterized by blunted reward learning in the AMPTFbut not in placeboFcondition. Highlighting the specificity of these findings, groups did not differ in their ability to perceptually distinguish between stimuli. Increased CD-induced anhedonic (but not eating disorder) symptoms were associated with a reduced response bias toward a more frequently rewarded stimulus. In conclusion, under CD, rBN subjects showed reduced reward learning compared with healthy control subjects. These deficits uncover disturbance of the central reward processing systems in rBN related to altered brain catecholamine levels, which might reflect a trait-like deficit increasing vulnerability to BN.

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“…The experimental procedure replicated the probabilistic reward signal-detection task previously designed by Tripp and Alsop (1999) and adapted by Pizzagalli et al (2005, 2008) and Santesso et al (2008) (see Figure 1). In brief, this task presents 300 trials in three blocks.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anhedonia and emotional numbing in treatment-seeking veterans: behavioural and electrophysiological responses to reward

Eskelund¹,

Karstoft

Andersen

2018

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Background: Anhedonia is a common symptom following exposure to traumatic stress and a feature of the PTSD diagnosis. In depression research, anhedonia has been linked to deficits in reward functioning, reflected in behavioural and neural responses. Such deficits following exposure to trauma, however, are not well understood.Objective: The current study aims to estimate the associations between anhedonia, PTSD symptom-clusters and behavioural and electrophysiological responses to reward.Methods: Participants (N = 61) were recruited among Danish treatment-seeking veterans at the Department of Military Psychology in the Danish Defence. Before entering treatment, participants were screened with symptom measurement instruments and participated in a joint behavioural-electrophysiological experiment. The experimental paradigm consisted of a signal-detection task aimed at assessing reward-driven learning. Simultaneous electrophysiological-recordings were analysed to evaluate neural responses upon receiving reward, as indicated by the Feedback-Related Negativity (FRN) component.Result: Anhedonia as conceptualized in depression correlated with behavioural learning (r = -0.28, p = .032). Neither anhedonia nor behavioural learning correlated with FRN. However, the anhedonia symptom cluster of PTSD did correlate with FRN (r = 0.29, p = .023). Extending upon this in an exploratory analysis, the specific PTSD-symptom emotional numbing was found to correlate moderately with FRN (r = 0.38, p = .003).Conclusion: The present data suggest that anhedonia in trauma-exposed individuals is related to the anticipatory aspect of reward, whereas the neural consummatory reward response seems unlinked. Interestingly, emotional numbing in the same population is related to the consummatory phase of reward, correlating with the FRN response. This suggests that anhedonia and emotional numbing in response to trauma might pertain to different phases of reward processing.

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Sensitivity to Reward Frequency in Boys With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Cited by 162 publications

References 28 publications

Reduced hedonic capacity in major depressive disorder: Evidence from a probabilistic reward task

Reduced hedonic capacity in major depressive disorder: Evidence from a probabilistic reward task

Dopamine-Related Deficit in Reward Learning After Catecholamine Depletion in Unmedicated, Remitted Subjects with Bulimia Nervosa

Anhedonia and emotional numbing in treatment-seeking veterans: behavioural and electrophysiological responses to reward

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