Sensitivity to Succinylcholine in Relation to Serum-Cholinesterase

Evans, Frankis T.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(52)92059-x

Cited by 185 publications

(55 citation statements)

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“…Suxamethonium is a depolarizing neuromuscular blocker with a unique combination of rapid onset (ϳ45 s) and short duration of action (2-6 min in most patients). Rapid hydrolysis by BChE in plasma means that only a small proportion of an intravenous dose reaches the neuromuscular end-plate (Bourne et al, 1952;Evans et al, 1952), and the effect of the BChE that does is terminated by diffusion away from the end-plate (Kalow and Grant, 2001). Since the 1950s, many reports have confirmed the link between inherited BChE deficiency and "scoline apnea", in which paralysis persisted for 20 to 40 min, or more (Evans et al, 1952;Gould, 1952;Harper, 1952).…”

Section: B Butyrylcholinesterasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rapid hydrolysis by BChE in plasma means that only a small proportion of an intravenous dose reaches the neuromuscular end-plate (Bourne et al, 1952;Evans et al, 1952), and the effect of the BChE that does is terminated by diffusion away from the end-plate (Kalow and Grant, 2001). Since the 1950s, many reports have confirmed the link between inherited BChE deficiency and "scoline apnea", in which paralysis persisted for 20 to 40 min, or more (Evans et al, 1952;Gould, 1952;Harper, 1952). In one series of 1247 patients, inhibition studies revealed a genetic cause in 47% of patients, whereas low activity of the usual enzyme due to other factors such as pregnancy was identified in ϳ7% of patients.…”

Section: B Butyrylcholinesterasementioning

confidence: 99%

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Pharmacogenetics, Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes, and Clinical Practice

2006

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Section: B Butyrylcholinesterasementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Butyrylcholinesterasementioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacogenetics, Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes, and Clinical Practice

2006

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“…Soon after the introduction, in 1951, of suxamethonium as a muscle relaxant, it was found that individuals de¢cient in cholinesterase experienced prolonged apnoea following the drug's administration, which necessitated continued arti¢cial respiratory support 7 and, in some instances, caused death.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholinesterase: phenotyping and genotyping

Goodall

2004

Ann Clin Biochem

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The plasma enzyme butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is of clinical interest because of the occurrence of genetic variants with decreased ability to hydrolyse, and therefore inactivate, muscle-relaxant drugs such as suxamethonium. Analysis of BChE involves the determination of both enzyme activity and biochemical phenotypes which are used to determine the risk of so-called 'scoline apnoea'. Problems in analysis arise from both the lack of a universally accepted reference method and the variety of substrates and conditions employed for the determination of activity and phenotypes. Phenotype is determined by the use of speci c enzyme inhibitors that produce phenotype-speci c patterns of 'inhibitor numbers'. DNA analysis is now possible, and true genotypes can be obtained. The nomenclature in use for cholinesterase studies can cause problems in interpretation and reporting as there is poor understanding of the difference between phenotype and genotype, and terms are often, inappropriately, transposed. Techniques for both biochemical and molecular analysis of the enzyme are discussed.

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“…Plasma cholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8; butyrylcholinesterase, pseudocholinesterase) has been studied extensively because of the associations between low activity and delayed metabolism of the muscle relaxant succinylcholine (1)(2)(3), and because it is a marker of exposure to organophosphate chemicals (4 ). The physiologic function of plasma cholinesterase remains unresolved, however, and it is not clear whether the known sequence variations in the butyrylcholinesterase gene (BCHE) 5 account for all of the genetic variations in the population.…”

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confidence: 99%

Butyrylcholinesterase: Association with the Metabolic Syndrome and Identification of 2 Gene Loci Affecting Activity

et al. 2006

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Background: Plasma cholinesterase activity is known to be correlated with plasma triglycerides, HDL-and LDLcholesterol, and other features of the metabolic syndrome. A role in triglyceride metabolism has been proposed. Genetic variants that decrease activity have been studied extensively, but the factors contributing to overall variation in the population are poorly understood. We studied plasma cholinesterase activity in a sample of 2200 adult twins to assess covariation with cardiovascular risk factors and components of the metabolic syndrome, to determine the degree of genetic effects on enzyme activity, and to search for quantitative trait loci affecting activity. Methods and Results: Cholinesterase activity was lower in women than in men before the age of 50, but increased to activity values similar to those in males after that age. There were highly significant correlations with variables associated with the metabolic syndrome: plasma triglyceride, HDL-and LDL-cholesterol, apolipoprotein B and E, urate, and insulin concentrations; ␥-glutamyltransferase and aspartate and alanine aminotransferase activities; body mass index; and blood pressure. The heritability of plasma cholinesterase activity was 65%. Linkage analysis with data from the dizygotic

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Sensitivity to Succinylcholine in Relation to Serum-Cholinesterase

Cited by 185 publications

References 0 publications

Pharmacogenetics, Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes, and Clinical Practice

Pharmacogenetics, Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes, and Clinical Practice

Cholinesterase: phenotyping and genotyping

Butyrylcholinesterase: Association with the Metabolic Syndrome and Identification of 2 Gene Loci Affecting Activity

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