Sensor-array for continuous monitoring of biochemicals for bioprocess control

A Sensor Platform for Smart Hydrogels in Biomedical Applications

“…The sensing principle is independent of the specific type of smart hydrogel used because it is only based on the mechanical deformation induced in the polymer-metal sandwich. This universality in terms of the target analyte in combination with the biocompatible materials and the potential for miniaturization and wireless readout are a considerable advantage of the concept compared to other approaches [2,5,6,10] for a wearable or implantable biomedical hydrogel sensor.…”

“…Ideally, the detection concept is not limited to one specific analyte or hydrogel but merely constitutes a sensor platform that can then be employed for any type of smart hydrogel. Various hydrogel-based sensing approaches have been reported, including the use of fluorescence [5], magnetic nanoparticles [6], silicon pressure sensors [7] and cantilevered structures which bend due to the hydrogel's volume change [8]. The main challenges of these approaches are often a limitation to a specific analyte (e.g., in case of fluorescence) which restricts the versatility, or issues with biocompatibility (e.g., in case of silicon pressure sensors or magnetic particles).…”

Large-scale smart bioreactor with fully integrated wireless multivariate sensors and electronics for long-term in situ monitoring of stem cell culture

“…In addition, monitoring the entire cell bag becomes highly challenging as its size increases for scaled production (26)(27)(28). Although many attempts have been made to fabricate sensing systems for in-line monitoring using microfabrication and electrochemical processing techniques, the results are still preliminary and impractical for integration with sensor bags (29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36). Overall, there is no available solution for real-time, wireless, multi-spatial sensing of cell culture conditions in a cell-bag bioreactor.…”