“…Another example is temperature, which has been shown to decrease before the start of calving and this can be monitored with sensors (Burfeind, et al, 2011, Saint-Dizier andChastantMaillard, 2015). Lastly, changes in rumination, lying time and lying bouts determined by sensors have been associated with the start of calving (Bar and Solomon, 2010, Bucher and Sundrum, 2014, Ouellet, et al, 2016, Rutten, et al, 2017, Titler, et al, 2015.…”