“…Currently, applications of this strategy to double stator induction motors (DSIM) are largely unexplored and involve only a few research laboratories. For example reduced-order observer has been applied to IMs for speed sensorless control [10][11], for speed and flux sensorless control [12] and, later, for speed and/or flux sensorless control of DSIM [13][14]. However, some limitations on operation of conventional observers were large chattering on the speed, which very low speeds quickly highlighted.…”