Sensory Adaptation

and, Louise Hewson; Tárrega, Amparo

doi:10.1002/9781118991640.ch4

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 78 publications

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“…The SRH is comprised of peripheral and central components. The first is a sensory adaptation that involves the saturation of transducing cells after repeated exposure to the same sensory stimulus [26][27][28][29][30] . The central component of SRH is a habituation sensu stricto that reduces the motor reaction to sudden sensory stimuli, if regarded as non-threatening/relevant, despite being still processed at primary cortical level [31][32][33][34] .…”

Section: Light-stimulus Intensity Modulates Startle Reflex Habituatio...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Light-stimulus intensity modulates startle reflex habituation in larval zebrafish

Beppi

Beringer

Straumann

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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The startle reflex in larval zebrafish describes a C-bend of the body occurring in response to sudden, unexpected, stimuli of different sensory modalities. Alterations in the startle reflex habituation (SRH) have been reported in various human and animal models of neurological and psychiatric conditions and are hence considered an important behavioural marker of neurophysiological function. The amplitude, offset and decay constant of the auditory SRH in larval zebrafish have recently been characterised, revealing that the measures are affected by variation in vibratory frequency, intensity, and interstimulus-interval. Currently, no study provides a model-based analysis of the effect of physical properties of light stimuli on the visual SRH. This study assessed the effect of incremental light-stimulus intensity on the SRH of larval zebrafish through a repeated-measures design. Their total locomotor responses were normalised for the time factor, based on the behaviour of a (non-stimulated) control group. A linear regression indicated that light intensity positively predicts locomotor responses due to larger SRH decay constants and offsets. The conclusions of this study provide important insights as to the effect of light properties on the SRH in larval zebrafish. Our methodology and findings constitute a relevant reference framework for further investigation in translational neurophysiological research.

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Section: Light-stimulus Intensity Modulates Startle Reflex Habituatio...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Light-stimulus intensity modulates startle reflex habituation in larval zebrafish

Beppi

Beringer

Straumann

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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A model-based quantification of startle reflex habituation in larval zebrafish

Beppi

Straumann

Bögli

2021

Sci Rep

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Zebrafish is an established animal model for the reproduction and study of neurobiological pathogenesis of human neurological conditions. The ‘startle reflex’ in zebrafish larvae is an evolutionarily preserved defence response, manifesting as a quick body-bend in reaction to sudden sensory stimuli. Changes in startle reflex habituation characterise several neuropsychiatric disorders and hence represent an informative index of neurophysiological health. This study aimed at establishing a simple and reliable experimental protocol for the quantification of startle reflex response and habituation. The fish were stimulated with 20 repeated pulses of specific vibratory frequency, acoustic intensity/power, light-intensity and interstimulus-interval, in three separate studies. The cumulative distance travelled, namely the sum of the distance travelled (mm) during all 20 stimuli, was computed as a group-level description for all the experimental conditions in each study. Additionally, by the use of bootstrapping, the data was fitted to a model of habituation with a first-order exponential representing the decay of locomotor distance travelled over repeated stimulation. Our results suggest that startle habituation is a stereotypic first-order process with a decay constant ranging from 1 to 2 stimuli. Habituation memory lasts no more than 5 min, as manifested by the locomotor activity recovering to baseline levels. We further observed significant effects of vibratory frequency, acoustic intensity/power and interstimulus-interval on the amplitude, offset, decay constant and cumulative distance travelled. Instead, the intensity of the flashed light did not contribute to significant behavioural variations. The findings provide novel insights as to the influence of different stimuli parameters on the startle reflex habituation and constitute a helpful reference framework for further investigation.

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Effects of Weather Conditions on the Public Demand for Weather Information via Smartphone in Multiple Regions of China

Cao

Zhang

Sun

et al. 2022

Weather, Climate, and Society

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Understanding when weather information is required by the public is essential for evaluating and improving user-oriented weather services. Due to the popularity of smartphones, most people can easily access weather information via smartphone applications. In this study, we analyzed usage data for the Moji Weather smartphone application in 2017 and 2018, and devised a demand index to determine how often the weather information was used by the public under different weather conditions. Using hourly observations of surface temperature, wind intensity, precipitation, and visibility, we quantified the relationship between the demand for weather information and weather conditions in different regions of China. Generally, the demand index increased with increases in local hourly precipitation or surface wind intensity in all regions; however, there were notable regional differences in the increasing trends. Extreme hot weather was found to increase the demand index in Northern China, Xinjiang, and the Sichuan Basin, while in Southern China it increased more in response to extreme cold weather. We quantified the relationships between the demand index and weather conditions by performing a polynomial regression analysis for each weather element and region. The high-demand thresholds were found to vary among regions, suggesting the need for customized weather services for users in different geographical regions. The study also revealed the contribution of weather warnings to weather information demand in two megacities, and showed that warnings were effective for conveying information regarding weather-related risks.

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Sensory Adaptation

Cited by 3 publications

References 78 publications

Light-stimulus intensity modulates startle reflex habituation in larval zebrafish

Light-stimulus intensity modulates startle reflex habituation in larval zebrafish

A model-based quantification of startle reflex habituation in larval zebrafish

Effects of Weather Conditions on the Public Demand for Weather Information via Smartphone in Multiple Regions of China

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