Sensory and affective components of pain as recorded with the Pain‐O‐Meter (POM) among children with acute and chronic pain

Jylli, Leena; Broström, Eva; Hagelberg, Stefan; Stenström, Christina H.; Olsson, Gunnar; Langius‐Eklöf, Ann

doi:10.1080/08035250600667383

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The Swedish version of the instrument has proven useful in children aged 6 to 16 years who suffer from acute and chronic pain. 25 The Painometer measures pain intensity, quality, location, and duration at the time of testing and has demonstrated good reliability and validity. 25,26 …”

Section: Painometer (Dola Health Systems Baltimore)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Therapy Treatment of Back Complaints on Children and Adolescents

Ahlqwist¹,

Hagman²,

Kjellby-Wendt³

et al. 2008

Spine

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An individual assessment by a knowledgeable physiotherapist and an active treatment model improve how children and adolescents experience their back problems with respect to health and physical function, pain, strength, and mobility, regardless of whether treatment consists of a home exercise program with follow-up or home exercise combined with exercise and treatment supervised by a physiotherapist.

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Section: Painometer (Dola Health Systems Baltimore)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Therapy Treatment of Back Complaints on Children and Adolescents

Ahlqwist¹,

Hagman²,

Kjellby-Wendt³

et al. 2008

Spine

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“…Van Laerhoven et al [ 12 ] found a 5-point VRS to be preferred over VAS or NRS in children 6 to 18 years of age, but all scale types showed comparable reliability. In contrast, Jylli et al [ 13 ] found that younger children (ages 6 to 11 years) in their sample (overall range between 6 and 16 years of age) did not fully understand all descriptive words in a 5-point VRS, and that the VRS was not highly correlated with a pain VAS. Bailey et al [ 14 ] found the VAS, NRS, and VRS to be reliable and valid in evaluating pain in children 8 to 17 years of age, but the scores produced were not interchangeable.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…The VRS scale, the VAS and the NRS were of comparable reliability. Jylli et al 2006 [ 13 ], Direct, C Cross-Sectional Study; Children aged 6 to 16 years old VAS; VRS Children 6 to 11 years knew fewer words than children 12 to 16 years to describe pain. Further studies are needed to determine the suitability of using 5-point VRS with word descriptors of pain with children of all ages.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Literature review to characterize the empirical basis for response scale selection in pediatric populations

Naegeli

Hanlon

Gries

et al. 2018

J Patient Rep Outcomes

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BackgroundDespite the importance of response option selection for patient-reported outcome measures, there seems to be little empirical evidence for the selected scale type. This article provides an overview of the published research on response scale types and empirical support within pediatric populations.MethodsA comprehensive review of the scientific literature was conducted to identify response scale option types appropriate for use in pediatric populations and to review and summarize the available empirical evidence for each scale type.ResultsEleven review/consensus guideline/expert opinion articles and 20 empirical articles that provided guidance or evidence regarding pediatric response scale selection were identified. There was general consensus that 5-point verbal rating scales, including Likert scales, were appropriate for children aged 7 or 8 and older, while graphical or faces scales are often used in pediatric studies with children of younger ages.ConclusionIn general, the verbal rating scale, numeric rating scale, visual analogue scale, and graphical scales have each demonstrated to be reliable and valid response option formats in specific contexts among pediatric populations; however, their appropriateness is dependent upon sample age. When selecting response scales, it is important to consider target population and context of use during the development of patient-reported outcome measures, especially with respect to tense, recall period, attribution, number of options, etc. In addition to age, cognitive development is an important aspect to consider for optimizing pediatric self-reported measures. More research is needed to determine clinically relevant changes and differences within pediatric research, which includes different response scale options.

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Younger age is associated with greater pain expression among patients with knee or hip osteoarthritis scheduled for a joint arthroplasty

Nyvang

Naili

Iversen

et al. 2019

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

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Background This study describes how patients with knee or hip osteoarthritis (OA), scheduled for arthroplasty, characterize their pain qualitatively and quantitatively and investigates whether differences exist in pain expression between younger and older patients, and between men and women. Methods One hundred eight patients scheduled for a joint arthroplasty completed the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) or Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS) and a health-related quality of life question. Pain was assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS), KOOS/HOOS and the Pain-o-Meter (POM) consisting of 12 sensory and 11 affective words (POM-Words). Frequency of analgesics use was assessed and preoperative radiographs were graded. ANOVA was used to test differences in pain expression with age (< 65 vs. ≥65 years), sex, and affected joint as independent factors. Results Patients < 65 years of age used more affective words (POM) and words with higher affective intensity (median scores 8 (3–39), 5.5 (2–27) respectively), than older patients, despite having less radiographically advanced OA. They also reported more symptoms (KOOS/HOOS) than older patients. However, pain ratings, as measured by VAS and KOOS/HOOS pain, did not differ between younger and older adults. Women reported more frequent analgesics use (45.7 and 26.5% respectively) and rated their pain higher than men (mean POM-VAS = 42 (SD 24) and 31 (SD 19); respectively). No differences existed between sexes for sensory or affective POM-Words, or radiographic grade of OA. With age and sex as independent factors, a significant difference between knee and hip OA remained for sensory POM-words intensity scores. Conclusions Younger adults scheduled for arthroplasty expressed pain using more affective words and words with higher intensity and had less radiographically advanced OA than older adults. However, VAS and KOOS/HOOS pain subscales could not distinguish the difference in pain expression. Thus, the POM may be a valuable tool for assessment of pain.

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Sensory and affective components of pain as recorded with the Pain‐O‐Meter (POM) among children with acute and chronic pain

Abstract: Further studies will be required to determine the suitability of using the POM-WDS with children.

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

Physical Therapy Treatment of Back Complaints on Children and Adolescents

Physical Therapy Treatment of Back Complaints on Children and Adolescents

Literature review to characterize the empirical basis for response scale selection in pediatric populations

Younger age is associated with greater pain expression among patients with knee or hip osteoarthritis scheduled for a joint arthroplasty

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