Sensory cue combination in children under 10 years of age

Negen, James; Chere, Brittney; Bird, Laura-Ashleigh; Taylor, Ellen; Roome, Hannah E.; Keenaghan, Samantha; Thaler, Lore; Nardini, Marko

doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2019.104014

Cited by 24 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Indeed, feedback has been shown to be vital in the development of sensory integration and calibration; children can learn to integrate sensory cues only when they receive feedback about their judgments (Negen et al, 2019), and delaying feedback inhibits sensorimotor recalibration in children (Vercillo, Burr, Sandini, & Gori, 2015). Also, and in comparison to the multisensory development literature, many studies have shown that the ability to integrate and segment basic visual features, motion, and patterns develops very early in life (for review, see Braddick & Atkinson, 2011).…”

Section: Blanking Effect and The Development Of Integration In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Integration of different visual features such as stereo and motion or texture, which has been found to occur in adults (Johnston, Cumming, & Landy, 1994;Knill & Saunders, 2003), may be slower to develop, as depth processing is calibrated to account for the changing position of the eyes in a growing head, in a manner similar to how integration of visuohaptic information relies on the calibration of the developing haptic system (Ernst, 2008;Gori et al, 2008). Adults can learn novel cue combination within a few hours (Negen, Wen, Thaler, & Nardini, 2018), suggesting that the slow development of multisensory cue combination may be limited by biological development (Negen et al, 2019).…”

Section: Blanking Effect and The Development Of Integration In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stronger saccadic suppression of displacement and blanking effect in children

Stewart

Hübner²,

Schütz

2020

Journal of Vision

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Humans do not notice small displacements to objects that occur during saccades, termed saccadic suppression of displacement (SSD), and this effect is reduced when a blank is introduced between the pre-and postsaccadic stimulus (Bridgeman, Hendry, & Stark, 1975; Deubel, Schneider, & Bridgeman, 1996). While these effects have been studied extensively in adults, it is unclear how these phenomena are characterized in children. A potentially related mechanism, saccadic suppression of contrast sensitivity-a prerequisite to achieve a stable percept-is stronger for children (Bruno, Brambati, Perani, & Morrone, 2006). However, the evidence for how transsaccadic stimulus displacements may be suppressed or integrated is mixed. While they can integrate basic visual feature information from an early age, they cannot integrate multisensory information (Gori, Viva, Sandini, & Burr, 2008; Nardini, Jones, Bedford, & Braddick, 2008), suggesting a failure in the ability to integrate more complex sensory information. We tested children 7 to 12 years old and adults 19 to 23 years old on their ability to perceive intrasaccadic stimulus displacements, with and without a postsaccadic blank. Results showed that children had stronger SSD than adults and a larger blanking effect. Children also had larger undershoots and more variability in their initial saccade endpoints, indicating greater intrinsic uncertainty, and they were faster in executing corrective saccades to account for these errors. Together, these results suggest that children may have a greater internal expectation or prediction of saccade error than adults; thus, the stronger SSD in children may be due to higher intrinsic uncertainty in target localization or saccade execution.

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Section: Blanking Effect and The Development Of Integration In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Blanking Effect and The Development Of Integration In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stronger saccadic suppression of displacement and blanking effect in children

Stewart

Hübner²,

Schütz

2020

Journal of Vision

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“…The Bayesian model of multisensory integration suggests that adults fuse redundant sensory inputs in a statistically optimal way by weighting the sources according to their uncertainty 16 , 17 . The ability to combine different cues to obtain more precise estimates of one's surroundings appears late in childhood development 18 , 19 , that is, after the individual modalities have matured 20 , 21 , unless additional feedback on the reliability of each cue is provided 22 . Younger children will thus favor the information provided by the modality with the highest context-dependent reliability 19 , 23 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immersive virtual reality interferes with default head–trunk coordination strategies in young children

Miehlbradt

Cuturi

Zanchi

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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The acquisition of postural control is an elaborate process, which relies on the balanced integration of multisensory inputs. Current models suggest that young children rely on an ‘en-block’ control of their upper body before sequentially acquiring a segmental control around the age of 7, and that they resort to the former strategy under challenging conditions. While recent works suggest that a virtual sensory environment alters visuomotor integration in healthy adults, little is known about the effects on younger individuals. Here we show that this default coordination pattern is disrupted by an immersive virtual reality framework where a steering role is assigned to the trunk, which causes 6- to 8-year-olds to employ an ill-adapted segmental strategy. These results provide an alternate trajectory of motor development and emphasize the immaturity of postural control at these ages.

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“…They do not use a Bayesian process when given landmark and self-motion cues (Nardini et al, 2008). Children under 10 generally do not use multiple cues in a Bayesian manner ; though see Negen et al, 2019).…”

Section: Interim Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Adaptive Cue Selection Model of Allocentric Spatial Reorientation

Negen

Bird

Nardini

2019

Preprint

Self Cite

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After becoming disoriented, an organism must use the local environment to reorient and recover vectors to important locations. Debates over how this happens have been extensive.A new theory, Adaptive Combination, suggests that the information from different spatial cues are combined with Bayesian efficiency. To test this further, we modified the standard reorientation paradigm to be more amenable to Bayesian cue combination analyses while still requiring reorientation, still requiring participants to recall goal locations from memory, and focusing on situations that require the use of the allocentric (world-based; not egocentric) frame. 12 adults and 20 children at 5-7 years old were asked to recall locations in a virtual environment after a disorientation. They could use either a pair of landmarks at the North and South, a pair at the East and West, or both. Results were not consistent with Adaptive Combination. Instead, they are consistent with the use of the most useful (nearest) single landmark in isolation. We term this Adaptive Selection. Experiment 2 suggests that adults also use the Adaptive Selection method when they are not disoriented but still required to use a local allocentric frame. This suggests that the process of recalling a location in the allocentric frame is typically guided by the single most useful landmark, rather than a Bayesian combination of landmarks -regardless of whether the use of the allocentric frame is forced by disorientation or another method. These failures to benefit from a Bayesian strategy accord with the broad idea that there are important limits to Bayesian theories of the cognition, particularly for complex tasks such as allocentric recall.

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Sensory cue combination in children under 10 years of age

Cited by 24 publications

References 44 publications

Stronger saccadic suppression of displacement and blanking effect in children

Stronger saccadic suppression of displacement and blanking effect in children

Immersive virtual reality interferes with default head–trunk coordination strategies in young children

An Adaptive Cue Selection Model of Allocentric Spatial Reorientation

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