Sensory dominance in infants: I. Six-month-old infants' response to auditory-visual compounds.

Lewkowicz, David J.

doi:10.1037/0012-1649.24.2.155

Cited by 127 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In general, vision is best at processing spatial information, whereas audition is best at processing temporal information (Kubovy, 1988). The results from Lewkowicz's (1988aLewkowicz's ( , 1988b studies are consistent with the modality appropriateness hypothesis because the auditory component varied in temporal rate, whereas the temporal variations in the visual component were produced by a spatially static, and thus nonoptimal, visual stimulus.…”

supporting

confidence: 77%

“…The first systematic examination of infants' response to auditory/visual compounds was carried out by Lewkowicz (1988aLewkowicz ( , 1988b. In these studies, 6-and IQ-month-old infants first were habituated to a compound stimulus consisting of a checkerboard that flashed periodically and a tone that was sounded periodically.…”

Section: New York State Institute For Basic Research In Developmentalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Infants’ responsiveness to the auditory and visual attributes of a sounding/moving stimulus

Lewkowicz

1992

Perception & Psychophysics

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Responses to unimodal and multimodal attributes of a compound auditory/visual stimulus were investigated in 4-, 6-, 8-, and lO-month-old infants. First, infants were habituated to a compound stimulus consisting of a visual stimulus that moved up and down on a video monitor and a sound that occurred each time the visual stimulus reversed direction at the bottom. Once each infant met a habituation criterion, a series of test trials was administered to assess responsiveness to the components of the compound stimulus. Response was defined as the total duration of visual fixation in each trial. In the two unimodal test trials, the rate at which the component was presented was changed while the rate of the other component remained the same, whereas in the bimodal test trial the rate of both components was changed simultaneously. Results indicated that infants at each age successfully discriminated the bimodal and the two unimodal changes and that regression to the mean did not account for the results. Results also showed that disruption of the temporal relationship that accompanied the change in rate in the two unimodal test trials was also discriminable, but rate changes appeared to playa greater role in responsiveness than did synchrony changes. Considered together with results from similar prior studies, the current results are consistent with the modality appropriateness hypothesis in showing that discrimination of temporal changes in the auditory and visual modalities is dependent on the specialization of the sensory modalities.

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supporting

confidence: 77%

Section: New York State Institute For Basic Research In Developmentalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infants’ responsiveness to the auditory and visual attributes of a sounding/moving stimulus

Lewkowicz

1992

Perception & Psychophysics

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“…Thus, the infants in this study were more "attentive" or more highly "aroused" for the multimodal stimulus than for the unimodal stimuli in Richards~1998!. This finding is consistent with several reports by Lewkowicz 1988aLewkowicz , 1988bLewkowicz , 1992Lewkowicz , 1996Lewkowicz , 1998! that infants' visual fixation responses to combined auditory and visual changes in multimodal stimuli were larger than the responses to the changes in a single stimulus modality of multimodal stimuli, or to changes of a unimodal stimulus.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Development of multimodal attention in young infants: Modification of the startle reflex by attention

Richards

2000

Psychophysiology

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This study examined the effect of attention engagement to compound auditory-visual stimuli on the modification of the startle blink reflex in infants. Infants at 8, 14, 20, or 26 weeks of age were presented with interesting audiovisual stimuli. After stimulus onset, at delays defined by heart rate changes known to be associated with sustained attention or attention disengagement, blink reflexes were elicited by visual or auditory stimuli. Blink amplitude to either visual or auditory stimuli was enhanced when the infants were engaged in attention to the foreground auditory-visual stimuli relative to control trials with no foreground patterns. This enhancement of the blink amplitude increased from 8 to 26 weeks of age. In contrast to selective modality enhancement for single-modality foreground stimuli, these results show that these multimodal stimuli engage both visual and auditory attention systems in this age range.Descriptors: Infants, Attention, Heart rate, Blink reflex, Multimodal stimuli Directing attention to one modality affects the blink reflex to stimuli in that modality and other modalities. Several studies have shown that the blink reflex to a stimulus is enhanced when there is a match between the modality of the blink stimulus and the modality of the foreground stimulus to which attention is directed

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“…The possibility that visual dominance might be modulated by task demands is further bolstered by infant studies demonstrating auditory dominance in passive tasks (Lewkowicz, 1988a(Lewkowicz, , 1988bRobinson & Sloutsky, 2004;2010b;Sloutsky & Robinson, 2008; for review, Robinson & Sloutsky, 2010a). The general paradigm with infants involved a series of auditory, visual, or bimodal items repeatedly presented for an extended period of time.…”

Section: Preliminary Evidence For Auditory Dominancementioning

confidence: 99%

Existence of competing modality dominances

Robinson

Chandra

Sinnett

2016

Atten Percept Psychophys

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Approximately 40 years of research on modality dominance has shown that humans are inclined to focus on visual information when presented with compounded visual and auditory stimuli. The current paper reports a series of experiments showing evidence of both auditory and visual dominance effects. Using a behavioral oddball task, we found auditory dominance when examining response times to auditory and visual oddballs-simultaneously presenting pictures and sounds slowed down responses to visual but not auditory oddballs. However, when requiring participants to make separate responses for auditory, visual, and bimodal oddballs, auditory dominance was eliminated with a reversal to visual dominance (Experiment 2). Experiment 3 replicated auditory dominance and showed that increased task demands and asking participants to analyze cross-modal stimuli conjunctively (as opposed to disjunctively) cannot account for the reversal to visual dominance. Mechanisms underlying sensory dominance and factors that may modulate sensory dominance are discussed.

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Sensory dominance in infants: I. Six-month-old infants' response to auditory-visual compounds.

Cited by 127 publications

References 40 publications

Infants’ responsiveness to the auditory and visual attributes of a sounding/moving stimulus

Infants’ responsiveness to the auditory and visual attributes of a sounding/moving stimulus

Development of multimodal attention in young infants: Modification of the startle reflex by attention

Existence of competing modality dominances

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