Sensory gating in schizophrenics and normal controls: Effects of changing stimulation interval

Nagamoto, Herbert T.; Adler, Lawrence E.; Waldo, Merilyne; Freedman, Robert

doi:10.1016/0006-3223(89)90215-1

Cited by 241 publications

(166 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Adler et al (1982) found that (unmedicated) patients with schizophrenia exhibited less P50 suppression than healthy control subjects, a finding that has been replicated in numerous subsequent studies (e.g. Nagamoto et al, 1989Nagamoto et al, , 1991Ward et al, 1996;Clementz et al, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Prepulse inhibition and P50 suppression: Commonalities and dissociations

Oranje

Geyer

Böcker

et al. 2006

Psychiatry Research

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Patients with schizophrenia exhibit reduced levels of both prepulse inhibition of the startle reflex (PPI) and condition-test suppression of the P50 event-related potential. This study investigated the extent to which PPI and P50 suppression, which exhibit similar parametric sensitivities, are intrinsically auditory phenomena or can be induced cross-modally, and reflect common or distinct neural mechanisms of inhibition. PPI, N100, and P50 were assessed in 20 healthy male volunteers, using auditory test probes and both visual and auditory lead stimuli, separated by 100-or 500-ms interstimulus intervals (ISIs). PPI was found in the auditory-lead condition across the complete group, and with visual-lead stimuli in approximately half of the subjects. Intra-modal auditory PPI was significantly higher with the 100-ms ISI than with the 500-ms ISI. P50 suppression was found only with the 500-ms ISI, with no difference between the auditory and visual conditions. Source analyses revealed that suppression was associated with frontal cortical activity. N100 suppression was found only in the auditory condition, with no difference between 100-and 500-ms ISIs. Although both phenomena are considered to provide operational measures of gating, PPI and P50 suppression are differentially sensitive to ISI and therefore reflect partly different neural mechanisms. They are not intrinsically auditory phenomena, and both appear to involve frontal cortical activity. In contrast, N100 suppression is most likely based on refractory mechanisms intrinsic to the auditory system. D

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Prepulse inhibition and P50 suppression: Commonalities and dissociations

Oranje

Geyer

Böcker

et al. 2006

Psychiatry Research

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“…S2/S1-ratios for healthy controls varied between 18.6 % (Baker, 1987) and 77.8 % (Oranje, 1999) with a majority of mean ratios below 50 % in studies screened for this discussion. Ratios in schizophrenics were between 95 % (Adler, 1982;Nagamoto, 1989) and 32 % (Arnfred, 2003) with a majority of mean ratios above 50 %. The lack of a control group notwithstanding, the mean S2/S1-ratio in our epilepsy patients was found to lie in the range of the various "pathological" groups rather than that of the normal control groups reported in noninvasive studies.…”

Section: Sensory Gating and Epilepsymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the process of sensory gating has raised much interest in schizophrenia research. Two electrophysiological paradigms have been developed to assess sensory gating: prepulse inhibition of the startle reflex and P50 suppression (Adler et al, 1982,Nagamoto et al, 1989,Braff & Geyer, 1990. The latter paradigm was used in the present study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a functional topography of sensory gating areas: Invasive P50 recording and electrical stimulation mapping in epilepsy surgery candidates

Kurthen

Trautner

Rosburg

et al. 2007

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

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The filtering of sensory information, also referred to as "sensory gating", is impaired in various neuropsychiatric diseases. In the auditory domain, sensory gating is investigated mainly as a response decrease of the auditory evoked potential component P50 from one click to the second in a double click paradigm. In order to relate deficient sensory gating to anatomy, it is essential to identify the cortical structures involved in the generation of P50. However, the exact cerebral topography of P50 gating has remained largely unknown as yet. In a group of 17 patients with drug-resistant focal epilepsy, P50 was recorded invasively via subdural electrodes, and the topography of functionally indispensable ("eloquent") cortices was obtained by electrical stimulation mapping. These eloquent areas were involved in language, motor, and sensory functions. P50 could be identified in 13 patients in either temporal (n = 8) or midfrontal sites (n = 5). There were 6 occurrences (in 5 patients) of overlap of sites with maximal P50 responses and eloquent areas. Those were auditory (n = 1), supplementary sensorimotor (n = 3), primary motor (n = 1), and supplementary negative motor (n = 1). Results suggest that the early stage of sensory gating already involves a top-down modulation of sensory input by frontal areas.

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“…The artifact-free segments were then resegmented 50 ms before click onset to 300 ms after click onset separately for both stimulus conditions (click 1 and click 2) and then averaged. The P50 component of the AEP was identified and scored as described by Nagamoto et al (1989). The P50 peak was identified as the most positive deflection 40-80 ms after stimulus presentation.…”

Section: Apparatus Data Recording and Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haloperidol Differentially Modulates Prepulse Inhibition and P50 Suppression in Healthy Humans Stratified for Low and High Gating Levels

Csomor

Stadler

Feldon

et al. 2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

102

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Schizophrenia patients exhibit deficits in sensory gating as indexed by reduced prepulse inhibition (PPI) and P50 suppression, which have been linked to psychotic symptom formation and cognitive deficits. Although recent evidence suggests that atypical antipsychotics might be superior over typical antipsychotics in reversing PPI and P50 suppression deficits not only in schizophrenia patients, but also in healthy volunteers exhibiting low levels of PPI, the impact of typical antipsychotics on these gating measures is less clear. To explore the impact of the dopamine D 2 -like receptor system on gating and cognition, the acute effects of haloperidol on PPI, P50 suppression, and cognition were assessed in 26 healthy male volunteers split into subgroups having low vs high PPI or P50 suppression levels using a placebocontrolled within-subject design. Haloperidol failed to increase PPI in subjects exhibiting low levels of PPI, but attenuated PPI in those subjects with high sensorimotor gating levels. Furthermore, haloperidol increased P50 suppression in subjects exhibiting low P50 gating and disrupted P50 suppression in individuals expressing high P50 gating levels. Independently of drug condition, high PPI levels were associated with superior strategy formation and execution times in a subset of cognitive tests. Moreover, haloperidol impaired spatial working memory performance and planning ability. These findings suggest that dopamine D 2 -like receptors are critically involved in the modulation of P50 suppression in healthy volunteers, and to a lesser extent also in PPI among subjects expressing high sensorimotor gating levels. Furthermore, the results suggest a relation between sensorimotor gating and working memory performance.

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Sensory gating in schizophrenics and normal controls: Effects of changing stimulation interval

Cited by 241 publications

References 33 publications

Prepulse inhibition and P50 suppression: Commonalities and dissociations

Prepulse inhibition and P50 suppression: Commonalities and dissociations

Towards a functional topography of sensory gating areas: Invasive P50 recording and electrical stimulation mapping in epilepsy surgery candidates

Haloperidol Differentially Modulates Prepulse Inhibition and P50 Suppression in Healthy Humans Stratified for Low and High Gating Levels

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