Sensory Impairments and Risk of Mortality in Older Adults

Schubert, Carla R.; Fischer, Mary; Pinto, Alex; Klein, Barbara E. K.; Klein, Ronald; Tweed, Ted S.; Cruickshanks, Karen J.

doi:10.1093/gerona/glw036

Cited by 87 publications

(149 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

132

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Clinicians are increasing focus toward olfactory impairment, a cardinal symptom used to diagnose CRS, due to its direct and indirect effects on behavior, nutritional status, and environmental safety . A recent study even linked smell loss to increased mortality, a finding not seen with hearing or vision loss . Understanding the scope of CRS‐related olfactory dysfunction benefits multiple stakeholders, including patients, physicians, researchers, and healthcare policy makers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective Many studies have reported that olfactory dysfunction frequently occurs in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) populations; however, the prevalence and degree of olfactory loss has not been systematically studied. The aims of this study are to use combined data to report the prevalence of olfactory dysfunction and to calculate weighted averages of olfactory test scores in CRS patients. Data Sources A search was conducted in PubMed and Scopus, following the methods of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines. Review Methods Studies reporting the prevalence of olfactory dysfunction using objective measures or olfactory test scores using validated scales were included. Results A total of 47 articles were included in systematic review and 35 in the pooled data analysis. The prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis was found to be 30.0% using the Brief Smell Identification Test, 67.0% using the 40-item Smell Identification Test, and 78.2% using the total Sniffin’ Sticks score. Weighted averages ± standard deviation of olfactory test scores were 25.96±7.11 using the 40-item Smell Identification Test, 8.60±2.81 using the Brief Smell Identification Test, 21.96±8.88 using total Sniffin’ sticks score, 5.65±1.51 using Sniffin’ Sticks threshold, 9.21±4.63 using Sniffin’ Sticks discrimination, 9.47±3.92 using Sniffin’ Sticks Identification, and 8.90±5.14 using the questionnaire for olfactory disorders-negative statements. Conclusion In chronic rhinosinusitis populations, a significant percentage of patients experience olfactory dysfunction and mean olfactory scores are within the dysosmic range.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Multisensory loss appears to be common in older U.S. adults but has been little studied. There are specific neurophysiological changes associated with aging that could increase dysfunction in all senses .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Sensory Impairment Predicts Morbidity and Mortality in Older U.S. Adults

Pinto

Wroblewski

Huisingh-Scheetz

et al. 2017

J American Geriatrics Society

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OBJECTIVES:To evaluate global sensory impairment (GSI, an integrated measure of sensory dysfunction) as a predictor of physical function, cognition, overall health, and mortality. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: The National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project. PARTICIPANTS: A national probability sample of 3,005 home-dwelling older U.S. adults assessed at baseline and 5-year follow-up (2010-11). MEASUREMENTS: Gait speed, activity, disability, cognition, overall health, 5-year mortality. RESULTS: At baseline, older adults with worse GSI were slower (Timed Up and Go times: odds ratio (OR) = 1.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.17-1.50) and had more activity of daily living deficits (≥2: OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.10-1.46). Five years later, they were still slower (timed walk: OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.05-1.42), had more disabilities (≥2 instrumental activities of daily living; OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.23-1.70), were less active (daytime activity according to accelerometry: b = À2.7, 95% CI = À5.2 to À0.2), had worse cognitive function (Montreal Cognitive Assessment; b = À0.64, 95% CI = À0.84 to À0.44), more likely to have poorer overall health (OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.03-1.31) and lose weight (>10%: OR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.04-1.64), and have died (OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.19-1.76). All analyses were adjusted for relevant confounders at baseline, including age, sex, race and ethnicity, education, smoking, problem drinking, body mass index, comorbidities, and cognitive function. CONCLUSION: GSI predicts impaired physical function, cognitive dysfunction, significant weight loss, and mortality 5 years later in older U.S. adults. Multisensory evaluation may identify vulnerable individuals, offering the opportunity for early intervention to mitigate adverse outcomes.

show abstract

“…One study showed no excess of mortality among prelingually deaf people compared with hearing controls, although a small excess in mortality was observed for postlingually deafened individuals (Barnett and Franks 1999), again possibly reflecting adjustment and coping difficulties. In the USA, Schubert et al (2017) studied the associations between hearing, visual, and olfactory impairments with mortality and somewhat surprisingly found that olfactory impairment, but not hearing or visual impairment, was associated with an increased risk of mortality. In Iceland, older men with hearing impairment or dual sensory impairment (vision + hearing loss) had a greater risk of dying from any cause and particularly cardiovascular causes within a median 5-year follow-up.…”

Section: Implications Of Early Hearing Loss For Health Development Ovmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Life Course Approach to Hearing Health

Russ¹,

Tremblay

Halfon

et al. 2017

Handbook of Life Course Health Development

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Challenges to hearing health are a significant public health problem. At least ten million Americans have a hearing loss that interferes with the understanding of normal speech. If lesser degrees of loss are included, the number rises to 28 million. Although there have been considerable advances in understanding the etiology of hearing loss, with genetic causes now thought to account for up to 50% of congenital losses, in many individual cases, the cause of hearing loss remains unknown. This lack of knowledge of the basic pathophysiology of hearing difficulties hampers prevention and treatment efforts. Growing interest in life course theory has led to suggestions that it could prove useful to apply a life course lens to the study of hearing loss, and of hearing health, throughout the life span. In this paper we consider the implications of the Life Course Health Development model for understanding the mechanisms, pathways, and determinants of hearing ability. We consider the implications of early hearing loss for health development over the life course and the factors through the life course that contribute to hearing ability in adult life. We consider the concept not just of hearing loss but of “hearing health” and how to achieve it, the research priorities that are suggested by this review, and the implications for policy and practice.

show abstract

Sensory Impairments and Risk of Mortality in Older Adults

Cited by 87 publications

References 44 publications

The prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis

The prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis

Global Sensory Impairment Predicts Morbidity and Mortality in Older U.S. Adults

A Life Course Approach to Hearing Health

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About