Sensory Rhodopsin Signaling in Green Flagellate Algae

Sineshchekov, Oleg A.; Spudich, John L.

doi:10.1002/352760510x.ch2

Cited by 27 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(67 reference statements)

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“…The possible role of carotenoids and/or flavins as antenna pigments in photoreception was proposed [31] to explain the observed highly structured action spectrum for phototaxis and photoelectric responses in the unicellular alga Haematococcus pluvialis [32]. This organism exhibits sensory signal transduction mechanism similar to that in Chlamydomonas reinhardii [33,34], in which two retinal proteins act as photoreceptors [18]. Future studies might clarify whether the photoreceptor of H. pluvialis has a carotenoid antenna.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Xanthorhodopsin: Proton pump with a carotenoid antenna

Balashov

Lanyi

2007

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

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Retinal proteins function as photoreceptors and ion pumps. Xanthorhodopsin of Salinibacter ruber is a recent addition to this diverse family. Its novel and distinctive feature is a second chromophore, a carotenoid, which serves as light-harvesting antenna. Here we discuss the properties of this carotenoid/retinal complex most relevant to its function (such as the specific binding site controlled by the retinal) and its relationship to other retinal proteins (bacteriorhodopsin, archaerhodopsin, proteorhodopsin and retinal photoreceptors of archaea and eukaryotes). Antenna addition to a retinal protein has not been observed among the archaea and emerged in bacteria apparently in response to environmental conditions where light-harvesting becomes a limiting factor in retinal protein functioning.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Xanthorhodopsin: Proton pump with a carotenoid antenna

Balashov

Lanyi

2007

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

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“…ChRs from Chlamydomonas were difficult to express in standard expression systems like Escherichia coli, yeast, or COS cells (27). We therefore isolated a ChR-related cDNA from young V. carteri colonies (Fig.…”

Section: Functional Studies On Vchr In Xenopus Oocytes-in the Pastmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoactivation of Channelrhodopsin

Ernst

Sánchez‐Murcia

Daldrop

et al. 2008

Journal of Biological Chemistry

152

159

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Channelrhodopsins (ChRs) are light-gated ion channels that control photomovement of microalgae. In optogenetics, ChRs are widely applied for light-triggering action potentials in cells, tissues, and living animals, yet the spectral properties and photocycle of ChR remain obscure. In this study, we cloned a ChR from the colonial alga Volvox carteri, VChR. After electrophysiological characterization in Xenopus oocytes, VChR was expressed in COS-1 cells and purified. Time-resolved UV-visible spectroscopy revealed a pH-dependent equilibrium of two dark species, D 470 /D 480 . Laser flashes converted both with ≈ 200 s into major photointermediates P 510 /P 530 , which reverted back to the dark states with ≈ 15-100 ms. Both intermediates were assigned to conducting states. Three early intermediates P 500 /P 515 and P 390 were detected on a ns to s time scale. The spectroscopic and electrical data were unified in a photocycle model. The functional expression of VChR we report here paves the way toward a broader structure/function analysis of the recently identified class of light-gated ion channels.

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“…With this assay, photoreceptor currents were detected in a variety of species, and their analysis revealed a dual receptor sensory system common for all tested algae with intrachloroplast eyespots (reviewed in Ref. 1).…”

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confidence: 99%

Characterization of a Highly Efficient Blue-shifted Channelrhodopsin from the Marine Alga Platymonas subcordiformis

Govorunova

Sineshchekov

et al. 2013

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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102

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Background: Channelrhodopsins are algal phototaxis receptors used in optogenetics. Results: Channel activity and photochemistry of a new channelrhodopsin (PsChR) are characterized. Conclusion: Blue-shifted PsChR has ϳ3-fold greater unitary conductance, faster recovery from excitation, and higher sodium selectivity than channelrhodopsin 2 from Chlamydomonas. Significance: These properties of PsChR facilitate further analysis of light-gated channel function and are potentially useful for optogenetics.

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Sensory Rhodopsin Signaling in Green Flagellate Algae

Cited by 27 publications

References 46 publications

Xanthorhodopsin: Proton pump with a carotenoid antenna

Xanthorhodopsin: Proton pump with a carotenoid antenna

Photoactivation of Channelrhodopsin

Characterization of a Highly Efficient Blue-shifted Channelrhodopsin from the Marine Alga Platymonas subcordiformis

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