Sensory symptoms in body-focused repetitive behaviors, restless legs syndrome, and Tourette syndrome: An overlap?

Badenoch, James; Searle, Tamara; Watson, Iona; Cavanna, Andrea E.

doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.10.008

Cited by 12 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 136 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Ekbom and Nordlander have both investigated the role of iron in the early stages of RLS disease, [20,21] and several imaging studies have identified a close relationship between iron metabolism www.md-journal.com and RLS, particularly in the brain. [22] It is not clear whether RLS is related to low iron levels in the peripheral or central nervous system (CNS).…”

Section: The Iron Deficiency Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploration of restless legs syndrome under the new concept: A review

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Restless leg syndrome (Restless legs syndrome, RLS) is a common neurological disorder. The pathogenesis of RLS remains unknown, and recent pathophysiological developments have shown the contribution of various genetic markers, neurotransmitter dysfunction, and iron deficiency to the disease, as well as other unidentified contributing mechanisms, particularly chronic renal dysfunction. RLS enhancement syndrome is frequently observed in patients with RLS who have received long-term dopamine agonist therapy, manifesting as a worsening of RLS symptoms, usually associated with an increase in the dose of dopamine agonist. Some patients with RLS can adequately control their symptoms with non-pharmacological measures such as massage and warm baths. First-line treatment options include iron supplementation for those with evidence of reduced iron stores, or gabapentin or pregabalin, as well as dopamine agonists, such as pramipexole. Second-line therapies include opioids such as tramadol. RLS seriously affects the quality of life of patients, and because its pathogenesis is unclear, more biological evidence and treatment methods need to be explored.Abbreviations: BID = brain iron deficiency, CNS = central nervous system, GABA = gamma-aminobutyric acid, IRLSSG = International restless leg syndrome research group, PLMD = periodic limb movement disorder, PLMS = periodic leg movement in sleep, RLS = restless legs syndrome, WED = Willis-Ekbom disease.

show abstract

Section: The Iron Deficiency Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%