“…Since 2018, NTB Care has been the primary point of contact for persons in West Nusa Tenggara who want to complain about public service practices (Amara, Jatmika, & Ulum, 2021;Khotimah, Bimantoro, Kabanga, & Widiartha, 2022). However, the number of public complaints followed up by the government remains relatively low (Imansyah, Nurmandi, Misran, & Subekti, 2023); the capacity of employees managing complaint services still needs to be increased (Murtini, Bakar, Nurhakiki, & Atma, 2022); and public complaint channels have not been fully integrated, both in terms of governance and application systems (Rifaid, Hadi, Hidayatullah, & Subandi, 2023).…”