Separated Siamese Twins: Intronic Small Nucleolar RNAs and Matched Host Genes May be Altered in Conjunction or Separately in Multiple Cancer Types

Penzo, Marianna; Clima, Rosanna; Trerè, Davide; Montanaro, Lorenzo

doi:10.3390/cells9020387

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 79 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…To identify the regulatory factors that play a role in the development of EC, we analyzed the differential expression of genes in EC tissues using the human Genome Map TCGA database, and found that the expression levels of SNORD104 and its host gene SNHG25 were signi cantly increased in EC tissues. The expression levels of few snoRNAs correlate with that of their host genes [25] ; whereas, the expression and biological functions of most snoRNAs seem to be independent of their host genes [26,27] . In this work, we determined that SNORD104, rather than its host gene, SNHG25, promotes EC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

C/D box small nucleolar RNA SNORD104 promotes endometrial cancer by regulating the 2'-O-methylation of PARP1

Chen

Liu

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), previously thought to function only as housekeeping genes, are dysregulated in many cancers. However, the snoRNAs’ mechanism in tumors remains unclear. We analyzed the expression profiles of snoRNAs in endometrial cancer tissues in data from The Cancer Genome Atlas, and selected SNORD104 as an upregulated snoRNA in endometrial carcinoma. Antisense oligonucleotide (ASO)‑mediated knockdown of SNORD104 in ISHIKAWA cells significantly inhibited cell proliferation, clone formation, and increased apoptosis, while overexpressed SNORD104 from a plasmid promoted endometrial cancer growth in vivo and in vitro. RIP assays showed that SNORD104 binds the 2'-O-methyltransferase, fibrillarin (FBL). Nm-seq showed that SNORD104 upregulated PARP1 (encoding poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1) 2'-O-methylation and protein levels. The RIP assay verified that FBL binds to PARP1 mRNA. Correlation analysis showed that SNORD104 expression is positively correlated with PARP1 expression in endometrial cancer tissues. Actinomycin D and cytoplasmic separation assays showed that SNORD104 increased the stability of PARP1 mRNA and promoted its protein nuclear distribution. Silencing FBL or PARP1 in HEC1B cells overexpressing SNORD104 inhibited cell proliferation and clone formation, and promoted cell apoptosis. Thus, SNORD104 enhances PARP1 mRNA stability and protein level by regulating its 2'‑O‑methylation and promotes the growth of endometrial carcinoma.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

C/D box small nucleolar RNA SNORD104 promotes endometrial cancer by regulating the 2'-O-methylation of PARP1

Chen

Liu

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Some box C/D snoRNAs exhibit deregulated expression in cancer, having tumour-suppressive or oncogenic functions ( Fig. 2 ), and many are associated with major cancer hallmarks, such as sustained proliferative signalling, inhibition of cell death, and activation of invasion and metastasis in haematological malignancies and solid tumours [ 65 , 66 ]. Subsequently, the biomarker potential and functional role of snoRNA in tumorigenesis have been investigated in several malignancies.…”

Section: Cancer Associated Alterations Of Snorna Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of OncoSnoRNAs and Ribosomal RNA 2’-O-methylation in Cancer

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ribosomes are essential nanomachines responsible for all protein production in cells. Ribosome biogenesis and function are energy costly processes, they are tightly regulated to match cellular needs. In cancer, major pathways that control ribosome biogenesis and function are often deregulated to ensure cell survival and to accommodate the continuous proliferation of tumour cells. Ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) are abundantly modified with 2'-O-methylation (Nm, ribomethylation) being one of the most common modifications. In eukaryotic ribosomes, ribomethylation is performed by the methyltransferase Fibrillarin guided by box C/D small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs). Accumulating evidences indicate that snoRNA expression and ribosome methylation profiles are altered in cancer. Here we review our current knowledge on differential snoRNA expression and rRNA 2ʹ-O methylation in the context of human malignancies, and discuss the consequences and opportunities for cancer diagnostics, prognostics, and therapeutics.

show abstract

“…The majority of human snoRNAs are produced from mRNA introns or lncRNAs. Several studies have observed that the expression of snoRNAs released from spliced introns does not always correlate with the mRNA level of the host gene (44)(45)(46). A large proportion of the host genes from which snoRNAs are transcribed code for mRNAs or lncRNAs that are non-functional and are destined to be degraded by the nonsense-mediated RNA decay pathway (44).…”

Section: Snorna Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Classes of Small Non-Coding RNAs With Potential Implications in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Most of the sequences in the human genome do not code for proteins but generate thousands of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) with regulatory functions. High-throughput sequencing technologies and bioinformatic tools significantly expanded our knowledge about ncRNAs, highlighting their key role in gene regulatory networks, through their capacity to interact with coding and non-coding RNAs, DNAs and proteins. NcRNAs comprise diverse RNA species, including amongst others PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), involved in transposon silencing, and small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), which participate in the modification of other RNAs such as ribosomal RNAs and transfer RNAs. Recently, a novel class of small ncRNAs generated from the cleavage of tRNAs or pre-tRNAs, called tRNA-derived small RNAs (tRFs) has been identified. tRFs have been suggested to regulate protein translation, RNA silencing and cell survival. While for other ncRNAs an implication in several pathologies is now well established, the potential involvement of piRNAs, snoRNAs and tRFs in human diseases, including diabetes, is only beginning to emerge. In this review, we summarize fundamental aspects of piRNAs, snoRNAs and tRFs biology. We discuss their biogenesis while emphasizing on novel sequencing technologies that allow ncRNA discovery and annotation. Moreover, we give an overview of genomic approaches to decrypt their mechanisms of action and to study their functional relevance. The review will provide a comprehensive landscape of the regulatory roles of these three types of ncRNAs in metabolic disorders by reporting their differential expression in endocrine pancreatic tissue as well as their contribution to diabetes incidence and diabetes-underlying conditions such as inflammation. Based on these discoveries we discuss the potential use of piRNAs, snoRNAs and tRFs as promising therapeutic targets in metabolic disorders.

show abstract

Separated Siamese Twins: Intronic Small Nucleolar RNAs and Matched Host Genes May be Altered in Conjunction or Separately in Multiple Cancer Types

Cited by 11 publications

References 79 publications

C/D box small nucleolar RNA SNORD104 promotes endometrial cancer by regulating the 2'-O-methylation of PARP1

C/D box small nucleolar RNA SNORD104 promotes endometrial cancer by regulating the 2'-O-methylation of PARP1

The role of OncoSnoRNAs and Ribosomal RNA 2’-O-methylation in Cancer

Emerging Classes of Small Non-Coding RNAs With Potential Implications in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About