Separating the effects of climate and vegetation on evapotranspiration along a successional chronosequence in the southeastern US

Stoy, Paul C.; Katul, Gabriel G.; Siqueira, Mario; Juang, Jehn‐Yih; Novick, Kimberly A.; McCarthy, Heather R.; Oishi, A. Christopher; Uebelherr, Joshua M.; Kim, Hyun‐Seok; Oren, Ram

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01244.x

Cited by 235 publications

(231 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…While at subtropical forests (QYZ and DHS), the simulated T/ET were both lower than the measured T/ET in values, though the difference between two T/ET was not significant in statistics (p > 0.05). In addition, our simulated T/ET were comparable with published results in temperate and subtropical forests Schlesinger and Jasechko, 2014;Stoy et al, 2006). …”

Section: Performance Of S-w Model On Simulating T/etsupporting

confidence: 79%

Spatiotemporal variations of T/ET (the ratio of transpiration to evapotranspiration) in three forests of Eastern China

Zhu

et al. 2015

Ecological Indicators

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The ratio of transpiration to evapotranspiration (T/ET) Forest a b s t r a c t Evapotranspiration (ET), which is comprised by evaporation from soil surface (E), transpiration (T) and evaporation from the intercepted water by canopy (EI), plays an important role in maintaining global energy balance and regulating climate. Quantifying the spatiotemporal variations of T/ET (the ratio of T to ET) can improve our understandings on the role of vegetation ecophysiological processes in climate regulation. Using eddy covariance measurements at three forest ecosystems (Changbaishan temperate broad-leaved Korean pine mixed forest (CBS), Qianyanzhou subtropical coniferous plantation (QYZ) and Dinghushan subtropical evergreen mixed forest (DHS)) in north-south transect of Eastern China (NSTEC), we run the revised Shuttleworth-Wallace model (S-W model), validated its performance with the water vapor fluxes measured at two layers, and quantified the spatiotemporal variations of T/ET. The S-W model performed well in simulating ET and T/ET. The mean value of annual T/ET at three forests during the observation period all exceeded 0.6. The diurnal variation of canopy stomal conductance (G c ) dominated that of T/ET. The seasonal dynamics of T/ET was mainly shaped by that of leaf area index (LAI), vapor pressure deficit (VPD) and air temperature (T a ) through altering G c and the portion that the energy absorbed by canopy (P EC ) at temperate forest (CBS), while the seasonal dynamics of T/ET at subtropical forests (QYZ and DHS) were mainly affected by T a , net radiation, VPD, and soil water content through altering G c and soil surface conductance (G s ). The variation of mean annual G c governed the interannual varaition and spatial variation of T/ET. Therefore, forests in Eastern China played an important role in regulating climate through T and G c primarily affected the spatial and temproal variations of the role of forest T in regulating climate.

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Section: Performance Of S-w Model On Simulating T/etsupporting

confidence: 79%

Spatiotemporal variations of T/ET (the ratio of transpiration to evapotranspiration) in three forests of Eastern China

Zhu

et al. 2015

Ecological Indicators

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“…In the mid-and high-latitudes a number of FLUXNET studies observe a positive ∆ET(f-o) during summer, and a near-zero negative ∆ET(f-o) 15 during winter, similar to MODIS ( Fig. 2; Liu et al, 2005;Stoy et al, 2006;Juang et al, 2007;Baldocchi and Ma, 2013;Vanden Broucke et al, 2015;Chen et al, 2017). On the other hand, there are also FLUXNET observations indicating a negative ∆ET(f-o) in the tropics (Van der Molen et al, 2006) and in the mid-latitudes during summer (Teuling et al, 2010).…”

Section: Evapotranspirationmentioning

confidence: 90%

Evaluating and Improving the Community Land Model's Sensitivity to Land Cover

Meier¹,

Davin²,

Lejeune³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract. Modelling studies have shown the importance of biogeophysical effects of deforestation on local climate conditions, but have also highlighted the lack of agreement across different models. Recently, remote sensing observations have been used to assess the contrast in albedo, evapotranspiration (ET), and land surface temperature (LST) between forest and nearby open land on a global scale. These observations provide an unprecedented opportunity to evaluate the ability of land surface models to simulate the biogeophysical effects of forests. Here, we evaluate the representation of the difference of forest minus 5 open land (i.e., grassland and cropland) in albedo, ET, and LST in the Community Land Model version 4.5 (CLM4.5) using various remote sensing and in-situ data sources. To extract the local sensitivity to land cover we analyze plant functional type level output from global CLM4.5 simulations, using a model configuration that attributes a separate soil column to each plant functional type. Using the separated soil column configuration, CLM4.5 is able to realistically reproduce the biogeophysical contrast between forest and open land in terms of albedo, daily mean LST, and daily maximum LST, while the effect on daily 10 minimum LST is not well captured by the model. Furthermore, we identify that the ET contrast between forests and open land is underestimated in CLM4.5 compared to observation-based products and even reversed in sign for some regions, even when considering uncertainties in these products. We then show that these biases can be partly alleviated by modifying several model parameters, such as the root distribution, the formulation of plant water uptake, the light limitation of photosynthesis, and the maximum rate of carboxylation. Furthermore, the ET contrast between forest and open land needs to be better constrained 15 by observations in order to foster convergence amongst different land surface models on the biogeophysical effects of forests.Overall, this study demonstrates the potential of comparing sub-grid model output to local observations to improve current land surface models' ability to simulate land cover change effects, which is a promising approach to reduce uncertainties in future assessments of land use impacts on climate.1 Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi

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“…Much of the ecophysiological information used to understand controls on hydrologic processes under current climate conditions will be useful for decision making about management activities in anticipation of future climates. For example, management activities that favor or replace one species (or several species) over another can alter ET through changes in transpiration (E t ) or interception (E i ), and alter sensitivity to climatic variation because (1) tree species vary considerably in transpiration per unit leaf area, and overall whole-tree water use due to differences in rooting depth, tree height, leaf boundary layer resistance, leaf chemistry, and stomatal sensitivity to vapor pressure and (2) species can vary in sensitivity to yearto-year climatic variation (Stoy et al, 2006;Ford et al 2010). In addition, stand density can be managed to influence the amount of water evaporated from canopy and soil surface through changes in live and dead leaf, branch, stem area, and litter coverage.…”

Section: Managing Forest Watersheds To Adapt To Climate Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Forest ecohydrological research in the 21st century: what are the critical needs?

et al. 2011

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Modern ecohydrologic science will be critical for providing the best information to policy makers and society to address water resource challenges in the 21st century. Implicitly, ecohydrology involves understanding both the functional interactions among vegetation, soils, and hydrologic processes at multiple scales and the linkages among upland, riparian, and aquatic components. In this paper, we review historical and contemporary ecohydrologic science, focusing on watershed structure and function and the threats to watershed structure and function. Climate change, land use change, and invasive species are among the most critical contemporary issues that affect water quantity and quality, and a mechanistic understanding of watershed ecosystem structure and function is required to understand their impacts on water quantity and quality. Economic and social values of ecosystem services such as water supply from forested watersheds must be quantified in future research, as land use decisions that impact ecohydrologic function are driven by the interplay among economic, social, political, and biological constraints. Future forest ecohydrological research should focus on: (1) understanding watershed responses to climate change and variability, (2) understanding watershed responses to losses of native species or additions of non-native species, (3) developing integrated models that capitalize on long-term data, (4) linking ecohydrologic processes across scales, and (5) managing forested watersheds to adapt to climate change. We stress that this new ecohydrology research must also be integrated with socio-economic disciplines. Published in 2011. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.

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Separating the effects of climate and vegetation on evapotranspiration along a successional chronosequence in the southeastern US

Cited by 235 publications

References 77 publications

Spatiotemporal variations of T/ET (the ratio of transpiration to evapotranspiration) in three forests of Eastern China

Spatiotemporal variations of T/ET (the ratio of transpiration to evapotranspiration) in three forests of Eastern China

Evaluating and Improving the Community Land Model's Sensitivity to Land Cover

Forest ecohydrological research in the 21st century: what are the critical needs?

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