Separation and Determination of Selected Polyphenols from Medicinal Plants

Abstract

A study of the simultaneous separation and determination of selected polyphenols (rutin, narirutin, naringin, hesperidin, neohesperidin, quercetin, naringenin, kaempferol and hesperetin) with reported effects in the treatment of depression and cardiac and neurodegenerative diseases was performed. An RP-ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)-ultraviolet method for analyte separation and determination was successfully developed and validated for a ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C18 RRHD analytical column. Separation was carried out in gradient elution mode with acetonitrile and water modified with 0.05% trifluoroacetic acid. In the selected working range, the method linearity was satisfactory, with coefficients of determination >0.99. The precision and accuracy did not exceed the acceptable limits of 15%. The method was used to compare 16 different SPE sorbents for medicinal plant sample preparation in terms of analyte recoveries and matrix purification. The analysis of real samples was carried out for Menthae piperitae (predominant analyte was rutin), Hypericum perforatum (predominant analyte was rutin), Salvia officinalis (predominant analyte was kaempferol) and their derived products, enabling a comparison of different plant materials. Additional confirmation by UPHLC coupled with tandem mass spectrometry was performed. For the chiral aglycones naringenin and hesperetin, the determination of individual enantiomers was also performed with a Chiralpak AD-3R analytical column.

Review of Evidence Available on Hesperidin-Rich Products as Potential Tools against COVID-19 and Hydrodynamic Cavitation-Based Extraction as a Method of Increasing Their Production

“…Besides fruits, hesperidin is available in other parts of the citrus plant, such as leaves, with higher and remarkable concentration in young leaves (about 50% the concentration found in the fruit's albedo) [20]. Hesperidin occurs in notable concentrations in several plants other than citrus, including certain officinal plants, such as Menthae piperitae, Hypericum perforatum and Salvia officinalis, although less abundant than other flavonoids such as rutin [25]. In the case of Menthae piperitae, a wide range of levels was observed, depending on the varieties and growing sites, such as up to 2.15 mg/g (dry weight) [26], and up to 13.1 mg/g (dry weight) [27].…”

The Selective Electrochemical Sensing of Naringin Using Electropolymerized Ellagic Acid Film

“…The samples under investigations are citrus fruits and juices, 24,25,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32] plasma, 33,34,35 pharmaceuticals 36,37 and medicinal plants. 38 The main disadvantages of chromatographic methods are tedious procedure including preliminary extraction and preconcentration of the analyte, expensive instruments and solvents of high purity. Analytical characteristics and selectivity of naringin electrochemical determination can be further improved.…”

New Insights on Primary and Secondary Metabolite Contents of Seven Italian Wild Food Plants with Medicinal Applications: A Comparative Study

“…Reported results were in agreement with those of Sekeroglu et al [ 32 ], who observed higher polyphenol concentrations in H. perforatum flowers and leaves with respect to stem aqueous extracts. According to the literature, in H. perforatum the most abundant phenolic compounds showing biological activity are flavonoids, such as quercetin, rutin, kaempferol and naringenin, and phenolic acids, like chlorogenic, gallic, caffeic, ferulic and vanillic acids [ 33 , 34 ].…”