Separation and recovery vanadium (V) and chromium (Ⅵ) using amide extractants based on the steric hindrance effect

Ying, Ziwen; Chen, Minghui; Wu, Guixuan; Li, Jie; Liu, Jilin; Wei, Qifeng; Ren, Xiulian

doi:10.1016/j.jece.2021.105939

Cited by 28 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Here, Si and Cr are promising choices for the formation of new components with multielemental synergy. Primarily, they are typical impurities in vanadium slag and their removal steps are tedious. − Also, they have been demonstrated to improve the electrochemical properties of NVP as single dopants. For instance, phosphorus substitution by silicon with a larger radius is beneficial for stabilizing the crystal structure and expanding the sodium-ion migration channels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Vanadium Redox Reaction in Na₃V₂(PO₄)₃ Cathodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries by the Synergistic Effect of Additional Electrons from Heteroatoms

Gao

Wang

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 (NVP) is one of the most potential cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), but its actual electrochemical performance is limited by the defects of large electron and ion transfer resistance. Multicomponent design is considered an effective method to optimize the conductivity of NVP electrodes. Therefore, Cr and Si are added in NVP to form a multielement component of Na 3 V 1.9 Cr 0.1 (PO 4 ) 2.9 (SiO 4 ) 0.1 (NVP-CS). It is confirmed that 3d electrons of Cr are beneficial for improving the conductivity and increasing the average potential by activating V 4+ /V 5+ . Theoretical calculations show that the introduction of Si changes the electronic structure of V and O, thus promoting the electrochemical reaction of V 3+ /V 4+ to exert higher capacity. Due to the coordination of the two elements, a lower migration barrier is obtained in NVP-CS. Specifically, NVP-CS retains the advantages of single-doped electrodes very well (capacity retention of 90% after 300 cycles at 1 C and a high capacity of 94.1 mA h g −1 at 5 C, compared to NVP with only 82.6% capacity retention at 1 C and 59.4 mA h g −1 at 5 C). The excellent electrochemical performance results show that NVP can be successfully optimized by the introduction of Cr and Si. This work can provide some inspiration for multicomponent material research of cathode materials. KEYWORDS: multielement system, Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 cathode, vanadium redox reaction, electron energy level, sodium-ion battery

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Vanadium Redox Reaction in Na₃V₂(PO₄)₃ Cathodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries by the Synergistic Effect of Additional Electrons from Heteroatoms

Gao

Wang

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…In the case of solvent extraction, the use of TOPO (solvation extractant), Cyanex 272 (alkylphosphinic acid extractant), and mixtures of both reagents have been described for the removal of this element from solutions [ 9 ], while the extraction and separation of vanadium(V) and chromium(VI) have also been investigated using amides of mixtures of amides and Cyanex 272 [ 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport of Chromium(VI) across a Supported Liquid Membrane Containing Cyanex 921 or Cyanex 923 Dissolved in Solvesso 100 as Carrier Phase: Estimation of Diffusional Parameters

Robla

2023

Membranes

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An investigation of chromium(VI) transport across a supported liquid membrane containing the phosphine oxides Cyanex 921 and Cyanex 923 dissolved in Solvesso 100 as carrier phases was carried out in batch operation mode. Chromium(VI) transport was investigated as a function of different variables: hydrodynamic conditions in the feed (1000–1600 min−1) and stripping (600–1500 min−1) phases, HCl (0.25–2 M) and indium (0.01–0.1 g/L) concentrations in the feed phase, and carrier (0.01 M–0.75 M) concentration in the membrane phase. Indium was recovered in the stripping phase using hydrazine sulphate solutions, and, at the same time, chromium(VI) was reduced to the less harmful Cr(III) oxidation state. Models describing the transport mechanism comprising a diffusion process through the feed aqueous diffusion layer, fast interfacial chemical reaction, and diffusion of the respective chromium(VI)–phosphine oxide complexes across the membrane were developed. The equations describing the rate of transport correlate the membrane permeability coefficient with diffusion and equilibrium parameters, as well as the chemical compositions of the respective metal–carrier phases. The models were used to calculate diffusional parameters for each metal–carrier system, and the minimum thickness of the feed boundary layer was calculated as 1 × 10−3 cm and 6.3 × 10−4 cm for the Cr(VI)-Cyanex 921 and Cr(VI)-Cyanex 923 systems, respectively.

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“…The acid leaching solution containing vanadium was obtained by sulfuric acid leaching or hydrochloric acid leaching, which could also contain a certain amount of metal impurity ions needing to be separated and purified. ,, At present, the solvent extraction process was a usual mature method for the separation and purification of vanadium from acidic solution. − There are many studies on the extraction and separation of vanadium from the sulfuric acid leaching solution system, in which extractants such as P204, P507, Cyanex272, TOMAC, TOMAC, Aliquat 336, and other ionic liquids were used for the extraction and separation of vanadium from iron, aluminum, and other impurity ions, in which the extraction mechanism was also reasonably analyzed. − However, the separation methods and efficient extractaction of vanadium were less determined from the hydrochloric acid solution, and the extraction mechanism between vanadium and extractant was less deeply analyzed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Separation and Recovery of Vanadium(V) from Hydrochloric Acid Solution Using N1923 as an Extractant

Zhu

Liu

2022

ACS Omega

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Hydrochloric acid leaching has been widely used in the recovery process of vanadium due to its efficient selectivity. It was necessary to further separate vanadium from hydrochloric acid leaching solution. Four extractants of P204, P507, Cyanex272, and N1923 were compared for extraction of vanadium from a simulated hydrochloric acid solution, and it is concluded that N1923 was an effective extractant suitable for the extraction and separation of V (V) in the medium. The single-stage extraction efficiency of vanadium reached more than 90% with a pH value of 2.0, extraction time of 5 min, and X N1923 of 0.2 at 30 °C. The functional group characteristics of the extraction complex were analyzed by means of an extraction slope method, FT-IR, and 1H NMR to judge the extraction mechanism of vanadium with N1923 as an extractant. The extraction of V (V) by using N1923 was in the coordination form of a molar ratio of 2:1, and the extraction process was an endothermic reaction. The N–H vibrational absorption peak in the −NH2 group still appeared in the loaded N1923, in which the chemical shift of 1H in the primary amine and secondary carbon still existed. This technology was a more efficient process for extraction of vanadium from hydrochloric acid solution.

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Separation and recovery vanadium (V) and chromium (Ⅵ) using amide extractants based on the steric hindrance effect

Cited by 28 publications

References 39 publications

Optimizing Vanadium Redox Reaction in Na₃V₂(PO₄)₃ Cathodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries by the Synergistic Effect of Additional Electrons from Heteroatoms

Optimizing Vanadium Redox Reaction in Na₃V₂(PO₄)₃ Cathodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries by the Synergistic Effect of Additional Electrons from Heteroatoms

Transport of Chromium(VI) across a Supported Liquid Membrane Containing Cyanex 921 or Cyanex 923 Dissolved in Solvesso 100 as Carrier Phase: Estimation of Diffusional Parameters

Efficient Separation and Recovery of Vanadium(V) from Hydrochloric Acid Solution Using N1923 as an Extractant

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Separation and recovery vanadium (V) and chromium (Ⅵ) using amide extractants based on the steric hindrance effect

Cited by 28 publications

References 39 publications

Optimizing Vanadium Redox Reaction in Na3V2(PO4)3 Cathodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries by the Synergistic Effect of Additional Electrons from Heteroatoms

Optimizing Vanadium Redox Reaction in Na3V2(PO4)3 Cathodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries by the Synergistic Effect of Additional Electrons from Heteroatoms

Transport of Chromium(VI) across a Supported Liquid Membrane Containing Cyanex 921 or Cyanex 923 Dissolved in Solvesso 100 as Carrier Phase: Estimation of Diffusional Parameters

Efficient Separation and Recovery of Vanadium(V) from Hydrochloric Acid Solution Using N1923 as an Extractant

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Optimizing Vanadium Redox Reaction in Na₃V₂(PO₄)₃ Cathodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries by the Synergistic Effect of Additional Electrons from Heteroatoms

Optimizing Vanadium Redox Reaction in Na₃V₂(PO₄)₃ Cathodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries by the Synergistic Effect of Additional Electrons from Heteroatoms