Separation of Cell Wall Components by Kraft Pulping and their Utilization for Oil Absorption

Abstract

In the conventional pulp and papermaking process, lignin in black liquor is mostly burned for energy. It has not been widely used as a functional polymer. To use both cellulose and lignin component, unique kraft cooking conditions were used in bamboo cooking in this study, and acid precipitation was used to extract lignin from the black liquor. Under different pH values, the precipitated lignins were characterized and compared by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Lignin dissolution in acidic conditions was studied. Pulps with high lignin content were used to synthesize oil absorption materials, which were prepared by grafting butyl methacrylate (BMA) onto the cellulose chain. Sodium silicate was used as an initiator, and 1,4-butane dioldimethacrylate (BDDMA) was used as a crosslinker. The structures of grafted copolymers were characterized by FTIR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetry (TG). The acid precipitation process was found to be effective and has important implications for the further lignin applications. The grafting reaction between pulps and BMA was successful. The silicone oil absorption capacity of the obtained materials was 15.3 g/g.

Polyacrylate-based Water-absorbent Hydrogels Prepared with Lignin-related Compounds: Process Conditions and Performance

“…The bamboo (Sinocalamus affinis) was grown in Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China. Alkali lignin (AL) was separated from black liquor from bamboo kraft cooking via acid (Liu et al 2017). Lignophenols, including LC, LR, and LP, were derived from bamboo mills via the phase separation method (Funaoka and Fukatsu 1996) by using 72% sulphuric acid (H2SO4) as a catalyst and p-cresol, resorcinol, and pyrogallol as organic solvents, respectively.…”

Current overview of carbon fiber: Toward green sustainable raw materials

“…It is reported that more than 50 megatons of industrial lignin are produced worldwide per year, but only 2% of the lignin is commercialized for valueadded purposes (Qian et al 2018). Most lignin is simply used as cheap fuel for combustion, which causes waste of resources, and the high value utilization of macromolecules is still not realized (Liu et al 2017). Therefore, development of relevant technologies for high-value utilization of lignin is of fundamental and practical interest (Qian et al 2014;Zhang et al 2017).…”