Separation of La and Ce with PC-88A by counter-current mixer-settler extraction column

Solvent Extraction of Gd from Chloride Solution with PC88A

“…Equation (2) reveals that the plot of log D À 3pH against log½H 2 A 2 org should give a straight line with a slope of ð3 þ xÞ=2. First, the equilibrium concentration of PC88A was calculated with eq.…”

“…Therefore, we calculated the total concentration of chloride from the initial concentration of GdCl 3 and the value of initial pH. When the complex formation reactions shown in Table 1 are considered, the number of the chemical species in a GdCl 3 solution would be seven (Gd 3þ , GdCl 2þ , GdOH 2þ , Gd(OH) 2 þ , H þ , Cl À and OH À ). Seven independent equations are needed to calculate the equilibrium concentration of these chemical species from the composition of a GdCl 3 solution.…”

“…Acidic organophosphrous extractants, such as D2EHPA and PC88A, are widely used in the separation of rare earth elements. 1,2) Of these two extractants, PC88A is known to have high loading capacity and to yield high separation factor. 3) It is necessary to know the solvent extraction behavior of each rare earth element.…”

Solvent Extraction of Light Rare Earths from Acidic Medium by Di-(2-ethylhexyl) Phosphoric Acid in Kerosene

“…Three major classes of extractant, namely, anion exchangers (or basic extractants), cation exchangers (or acidic extractants) and solvation extractants (or neutral extractants) have been collectively utilized for solvent extraction and separation of REE. However, the family of acidic extractants obtained as by-products of phosphorics (D2EHPA), phosphonic (EHEHPA, HEHEHP, P507, PC88A) and phosphinic acids (Cyanex 272, P229) seems to be more effective in extracting REE from aqueous solutions (Abdeltawab et al 2002;Li et al 2006). D2EHPA (di-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid) is among the fi rst and the most widely investigated extractant in separation of REE (Antico et al 1996;Basualto et al 2013;Huang et al 2008;Rabie 2007;Sato 1989;Thakur 2000).…”

Solvent Extraction of Sm from Chloride Solution with PC88A and Saponified PC88A

“…Acidic organophosphrous extractants, such as D2EHPA and PC88A, are widely used in this separation. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Of these two extractants, PC88A is known to have a higher loading capacity and to yield a higher separation factor. 7) In the solvent extraction of metals with acidic extractants, the concentration of hydrogen ions in the aqueous phase increases owing to the exchange reaction of the hydrogen ions in an acidic extractant with the extracted metal species.…”