Separation of samarium and gadolinium solutions by solvent extraction

Miranda, P.; Zinner, L.B.

doi:10.1016/s0925-8388(96)02754-5

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Hence, Gd 3+ ions are imperative to be removed from wastewater streams . In the recent past, various methods have been proposed for the separation of Gd 3+ such as cloud point extraction, solvent exraction, nanofiltrations, solid–liquid extraction, − and column chromatography. , Among them, solvent extraction is a widely used method for the separation of metal ions . In this method, an extractant plays a vital role to extract a metal ion from an aqueous phase to an organic phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption of Gadolinium (Gd³⁺) Ions on the Dibenzo Crown Ether (DBCE) and Dicyclo Hexano Crown Ether (DCHCE) Grafted on the Polystyrene Surface: Insights from All Atom Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Experiments

et al. 2019

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All atom molecular dynamics simulations and experiments were performed to understand the adsorption behavior of gadolinium (Gd 3+ ) ion on the crown ethers grafted polystyrene (PS) surface. Two different types of crown ethers, viz., dibenzo crown ether (DBCE) and dicyclo hexano crown ether (DCHCE), were grafted separately on the PS surface to understand the adsorption behavior. We investigate the roles of Gd 3+ ion concentration and grafting density (ρ s ) of the crown ether on the adsorption behavior of Gd 3+ ion on the PS surface. The adsorption of Gd 3+ shows an increasing trend with increasing salt concentration, for all cases of crown ether grafting densities. The adsorption behavior follows the Langmuir isotherm model. The maximum amount of Gd 3+ ion adsorption was observed to be 1.83 mg/g for DBCE and 2.02 mg/g for DCHCE at ρ s = 2.07 mol/nm 2 . The maximum amount of Gd 3+ ion adsorption on DBCE coated PS beads, in batch experiments, was found to be 1.76 mg/g, which is in good agreement with the theoretical results. The increase in ρ s from 0.25 to 2.07 mol/nm 2 shows an increase in the q max value by ∼422% and 329% for DBCE and DCHCE, respectively. The optimum value of the crown ether grafting density is found to be 1.25 mol/nm 2 , beyond which the q max saturates. We further investigate the dynamics of the Gd 3+ ion by evaluating the diffusion coefficient (D) and mean residence time (τ). It was found that D decreases with increasing salt concentration for both DBCE and DCHCE. On the contrary, as expected, the τ value of Gd 3+ increases with an increase in salt concentration. Overall, a 3-fold increase in τ was seen with increasing salt concentration. The potential of mean force analysis using umbrella sampling reveals favorable binding energy for higher grafting density of DCHCE compared to that of DBCE.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption of Gadolinium (Gd³⁺) Ions on the Dibenzo Crown Ether (DBCE) and Dicyclo Hexano Crown Ether (DCHCE) Grafted on the Polystyrene Surface: Insights from All Atom Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Experiments

et al. 2019

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“…In 2009, Fontana & Pietrelli [9] reported their work on the separation of using the liquid-liquid extraction with a mixture of 2 Ethylhexyl phosphonic and mono-2-ethyl hexyl-ester acids as extractants. Miranda & Zinner [10] also reported results of their research work on extraction using a settler mixer with the same mixture of ligands D2EHPA and mono-2-Ethylhexyl ester for the separation of Sm(III) and Gd(III).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separation of Gadolinium(III) from Terbium(III) by the Liquid-Liquid Extraction Method with Dibutyldithiophosphate as the Extractant

Budiman

Hardian

Virdasari

et al. 2022

J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.

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The purpose of this research is to separate gadolinium(III) from terbium(III), by the liquid-liquid extraction method, with the extractant dibutyl dithiophosphate. Gadolinium(III) and terbium(III) have been selected in this study to see if the two metallic ions still could be separated although they have only one difference in atomic number, and in fact, terbium (65Tb) is the next to gadolinium(64Gd), in the lanthanide series. Also besides, the two metals have been found together in the same mineral such as gadolinite, and in some other minerals in Indonesia. Extraction parameters have been firstly selected and extraction conditions have been optimized as well, using the experimental design of Plackett Burman. Thus, experiments have been done to select which of the nine parameters (i.e. Gd(III) and Tb(III) concentrations, the concentration of the extractant (dibutyl dithiophosphate), pH, volume ratio of aqueous phase to the organic phase, extraction temperature, shaking rate, shaking time, resting time (after shaking), have their significant effect on the extraction efficiency and separation. The data resulted from this study show that there were five of the nine factors studied that determine the extraction efficiency and separation. They were (with its respective optimum value in the bracket): Gadolinium concentration [Gd(III)](5 ppm), terbium concentration [Tb(III)](5 ppm), pH(3.0), shaking time (10 minutes), and rest time after shaking (10 minutes).

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“…The separation of rare earth elements is normally carried out into groups of light rare earths (La, Ce, Pr, Nd), middle rare earths (Sm, Eu, Gd) and heavy rare earths (Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Sc, Y) (Morais and Ciminelli, 2004). In the group of middle rare earths, Eu can be removed by reduction of Eu 3+ to Eu 2+ followed by precipitation as EuSO 4 (Morais and Ciminelli, 1998, 2001, 2002), while the remaining elements (Sm and Gd) are separated by solvent extraction (Benedeto et al , 1993; Miranda and Zinner, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of complex species have been proposed in the literature to describe the solvent extraction of rare earth elements, but studies are normally carried out using very dilute solutions (Sato, 1989; Miranda and Zinner, 1997; Morais and Ciminelli, 2002; Wu et al , 2004). Therefore, the goal of the present work is to evaluate the equilibrium extraction of gadolinium (III) using concentrated solutions in order to better reproduce industrial process conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solvent extraction of gadolinium (III) from hydrochloric acid solutions with cationic extractants D2EHPA and Ionquest 801

Morais

Mansur

2014

Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy

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The solvent extraction of gadolinium (III) from hydrochloric acid solutions with cationic extractants D2EHPA and Ionquest 801 dissolved in Exxsol D100 was investigated. The study was carried out with concentrated solutions in order to better reproduce industrial process conditions. The following operational variables were investigated: initial concentration of gadolinium (16–40 g L−1, i.e., 0·104–0·255 mol L−1), initial concentration of extractant (0·5–1·5 mol L−1), initial pH of the aqueous phase (1–5) and aqueous/organic volumetric ratio (0·5–2·0). Data fitting including the statistical analysis of the estimated equilibrium parameters indicated that gadolinium (III) is extracted from hydrochloric acid solutions with D2EHPA and Ionquest 801 according to the overall reaction Gd3++3(HX)2⇆GdX3(HX)3+3H+. The apparent equilibrium constant at 298±1 K was found to be 1·9±0·3 for the system Gd(III)–D2EHPA and 0·028±0·003 for the system Gd(III)–Ionquest 801.

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Separation of samarium and gadolinium solutions by solvent extraction

Cited by 21 publications

References 1 publication

Adsorption of Gadolinium (Gd³⁺) Ions on the Dibenzo Crown Ether (DBCE) and Dicyclo Hexano Crown Ether (DCHCE) Grafted on the Polystyrene Surface: Insights from All Atom Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Experiments

Adsorption of Gadolinium (Gd³⁺) Ions on the Dibenzo Crown Ether (DBCE) and Dicyclo Hexano Crown Ether (DCHCE) Grafted on the Polystyrene Surface: Insights from All Atom Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Experiments

Separation of Gadolinium(III) from Terbium(III) by the Liquid-Liquid Extraction Method with Dibutyldithiophosphate as the Extractant

Solvent extraction of gadolinium (III) from hydrochloric acid solutions with cationic extractants D2EHPA and Ionquest 801

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Separation of samarium and gadolinium solutions by solvent extraction

Cited by 21 publications

References 1 publication

Adsorption of Gadolinium (Gd3+) Ions on the Dibenzo Crown Ether (DBCE) and Dicyclo Hexano Crown Ether (DCHCE) Grafted on the Polystyrene Surface: Insights from All Atom Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Experiments

Adsorption of Gadolinium (Gd3+) Ions on the Dibenzo Crown Ether (DBCE) and Dicyclo Hexano Crown Ether (DCHCE) Grafted on the Polystyrene Surface: Insights from All Atom Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Experiments

Separation of Gadolinium(III) from Terbium(III) by the Liquid-Liquid Extraction Method with Dibutyldithiophosphate as the Extractant

Solvent extraction of gadolinium (III) from hydrochloric acid solutions with cationic extractants D2EHPA and Ionquest 801

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Adsorption of Gadolinium (Gd³⁺) Ions on the Dibenzo Crown Ether (DBCE) and Dicyclo Hexano Crown Ether (DCHCE) Grafted on the Polystyrene Surface: Insights from All Atom Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Experiments

Adsorption of Gadolinium (Gd³⁺) Ions on the Dibenzo Crown Ether (DBCE) and Dicyclo Hexano Crown Ether (DCHCE) Grafted on the Polystyrene Surface: Insights from All Atom Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Experiments