Separation of White Blood Cells in a Wavy Type Microfluidic Device Using Blood Diluted in a Hypertonic Saline Solution

Mane, Sanjay; Hemadri, Vadıraj; Tripathi, Siddhartha

doi:10.1007/s13206-022-00074-z

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Such low flow rates help in the formation of rouleaux, in which RBCs are present near the channel center and WBCs move towards the channel wall. Similar results were obtained by Jain and Munn [18] and Mane et al [52] while working on a straight microfluidic channel at 20% Hct. WBC margination was found to be 78% at 20% Hct and 0.2 µl min −1 , as shown in figure 6(b).…”

Section: Margination In a Normal Salinesupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Table 5 shows a few previous results obtained on WBC margination in glass tubes, venules, or microfluidic channels, for comparison purposes. Previous researchers employed principles such as RBC aggregation, the rouleaux effect, hydrodynamic forces, [11] Straight (GT) 69 Rouleaux formation 40 40% Goldsmith and Spain [12] Straight (GT) 100 Rouleaux formation 20 85% Schmid-Schönbein et al [13] Straight (V) 54 Rouleaux formation 20 90% Jain and Munn [18] CE (M) 25-50 Rouleaux formation 20 85% Mane et al [52] Straight and channel geometry (CE) for WBC margination. Here, we provide the WBC margination data using hypotonic and hypertonic saline solutions in a channel having widths ranging from 100 to 280 µm, this range is higher compared to previously reported data [11,12,18].…”

Section: Highlights and Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A decrease in tonicity (below 0.9% NaCl) creates a hypotonic environment, which causes cell swelling by inducing additional water into the cell membrane [28,29]. In contrast, an increase in tonicity (above 0.9% NaCl) creates a hypertonic environment where cells lose water from their cell membrane and are subject to shrinkage with abnormal shapes [30]. RBC shrinkage is significant as compared to WBC; this may be due to the presence of nuclei in WBC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigating WBC margination in different microfluidic geometries: influence of RBC shape and size

Mane

Hemadri²,

Tripathi

2023

J. Micromech. Microeng.

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White blood cells (WBCs) reside close enough to the endothelium vascular wall to detect a variety of chemical signals and combat bacterial and viral diseases in the human body. It is vital to understand the phenomenon of WBC margination since it is an essential mechanism in microcirculation which aids fighting infections. Several factors influence WBC margination, including hematocrit (Hct), flow rate, red blood cell aggregation, red and white blood cell deformability, and the width of red blood cell free layer. WBC dynamics is strongly influenced by the presence of RBCs. In this study, we investigate WBC margination by varying the size and shapes of RBCs. The change in size and shape of RBCs is achieved by altering the tonicity of the blood sample. The margination phenomenon is studied at different values of hematocrits (3% and 19-22% Hct) and flow rates (0.2-1 μl/min). The different values of hematocrits is achieved by diluting the whole human blood using normal saline (0.9% NaCl), hypotonic saline (0.45% NaCl), and hypertonic saline (3% NaCl) solutions, respectively. Experiments are conducted using three different geometrical microchannels; straight, curved, and constriction-expansion (CE). The findings of hypotonic and hypertonic saline solutions are compared to the results of normal saline solutions. It is found that hypotonic and hypertonic solutions have minimum effect on WBC margination in a curved channel; however, in the case of straight and CE channel margination improves. When blood cells are diluted with hypotonic saline, WBC margination is shown to be highest in constriction-expansion microchannels, whereas for straight microchannel, the hypertonic solution provides the best margination. We also report particle dynamics within the microchannel and compare their behavior with experimental results for Hct 3%. This study provides critical information on WBC margination in situations where RBCs deviate from their normal shape and size.

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Section: Margination In a Normal Salinesupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Highlights and Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Investigating WBC margination in different microfluidic geometries: influence of RBC shape and size

Mane

Hemadri²,

Tripathi

2023

J. Micromech. Microeng.

Self Cite

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“…Conventional protocols for surface marker-specific, intact cell separation from whole blood require multiple manual preparation steps, including density-based centrifugal separation to deplete red blood cells (RBCs), immuno-magnetic negative selection to remove non-target cells, and medium exchange to wash target cells for downstream applications. [18] While each separation, or a combination of the two, has been implemented in a microfluidic device using steric effects, [15,19] intrinsic hydrodynamic forces, [20][21][22][23] or embedded paramagnetic microstructures, [24,25] a single chip that integrates all three separation processes has not yet been developed for immune cell separation. This still necessitates RBC depletion or manual cell washing before or after onchip separation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrative Magneto‐Microfluidic Separation of Immune Cells Facilitates Clinical Functional Assays

Shin

Park

Lee

et al. 2023

Small

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Accurately analyzing the functional activities of natural killer (NK) cells in clinical diagnosis remains challenging due to their coupling with other immune effectors. To address this, an integrated immune cell separator is required, which necessitates a streamlined sample preparation workflow including immunological cell isolation, removal of excess red blood cells (RBCs), and buffer exchange for downstream analysis. Here, a self‐powered integrated magneto‐microfluidic cell separation (SMS) chip is presented, which outputs high‐purity target immune cells by simply inputting whole blood. The SMS chip intensifies the magnetic field gradient using an iron sphere‐filled inlet reservoir for high‐performance immuno‐magnetic cell selection and separates target cells size‐selectively using a microfluidic lattice for RBC removal and buffer exchange. In addition, the chip incorporates self‐powered microfluidic pumping through a degassed polydimethylsiloxane chip, enabling the rapid isolation of NK cells at the place of blood collection within 40 min. This chip is used to isolate NK cells from whole blood samples of hepatocellular cancer patients and healthy volunteers and examined their functional activities to identify potential abnormalities in NK cell function. The SMS chip is simple to use, rapid to sort, and requires small blood volumes, thus facilitating the use of immune cell subtypes for cell‐based diagnosis.

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White Blood Cell Separation and Blood Typing Using a Spiral Microdevice

Mane,

Hemadri,

Bhand

et al. 2024

Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering

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Separation of White Blood Cells in a Wavy Type Microfluidic Device Using Blood Diluted in a Hypertonic Saline Solution

Cited by 9 publications

References 72 publications

Investigating WBC margination in different microfluidic geometries: influence of RBC shape and size

Investigating WBC margination in different microfluidic geometries: influence of RBC shape and size

Integrative Magneto‐Microfluidic Separation of Immune Cells Facilitates Clinical Functional Assays

White Blood Cell Separation and Blood Typing Using a Spiral Microdevice

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