Sepsis and Meningitis Caused by Pasteurella Multocida and Echovirus 9 in a Neonate

Aguado, Isabel; Calvo, Cristina; Wilhelmi, Isabel; Pablo-Hernando, María E.; Medina, María José; Sáez-Nieto, Juan Antonio; Cabrerizo, María

doi:10.1097/inf.0000000000000504

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In addition, four patients had bacteria positive blood culture, one Staphylococcus epidermidis (contaminated culture), two Streptococcus agalactiae , and one had a coinfection of Pasteurella multocida in blood and echovirus 9 in CSF. It was the only detected virus-bacteria coinfection [ 1 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of epidemiology and clinical characteristics of infections by human parechovirus vs. those by enterovirus during the first month of life

Cabrerizo

Trallero²,

Peña

et al. 2015

Eur J Pediatr

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Human parechoviruses (HPeV) have been recently recognized as important viral agents in paediatric infections. The aims of this study were to investigate the HPeV infection prevalence in infants <1 month in Spain and, secondly, to analyse the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the infected patients compared with those infected by enterovirus (EV). Infants <1 month with neurological or systemic symptoms were included in a multicentre prospective study. EV and HPeV detection by RT-PCR and genotyping were performed in cerebrospinal fluids (CSF), sera or throat swabs. Out of the total of 84 infants studied during 2013, 32 were EV positive (38 %) and 9 HPeV positive (11 %). HPeV-3 was identified in eight cases and HPeV-5 in one. Mean age of HPeV-positive patients was 18 days. Diagnoses were fever without source (FWS) (67 %), clinical sepsis (22 %) and encephalitis (11 %). Leukocytes in blood and CSF were normal. Pleocytosis (p = 0.03) and meningitis (p = 0.001) were significantly more frequent in patients with EV infections than with HPeV.Conclusions: Although HPeV-3 infections were detected less frequently than EV, they still account for approximately 10 % of the cases analysed in infants younger than 1 month. HPeV-3 was mainly associated with FWS and without leukocytosis and pleocytosis in CSF. In these cases, HPeV screening is desirable to identify the aetiologic agent and prevent unnecessary treatment and prolonged hospitalization. What is Known:• Human parechovirus may be a cause of fever and clinical sepsis in the neonatal period.• HPeV-3 might be one of the main agents causing severe neonatal neurological infections. What is New: • This is the first multicenter prospective study focused on newborns and contributes to a better knowledge of these viral infections. Clinical characteristics of enterovirus and parechovirus infections are compared specifically in the neonatal period.• Knowledge of HPeV infections by paediatricians and neonatologists can guide the diagnosis of these patients and avoid unnecessary treatment and prolonged hospitalization.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of epidemiology and clinical characteristics of infections by human parechovirus vs. those by enterovirus during the first month of life

Cabrerizo

Trallero²,

Peña

et al. 2015

Eur J Pediatr

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“…Sepsis, defined as a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection [ 1 ], is most frequently a result of a bacterial infection [ 2 , 3 , 4 ], whereas those of a fungal or viral nature are less common [ 5 , 6 , 7 ]. Accordingly, fungemia is only present in 3% of unselected sepsis cases [ 5 , 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune-Response Patterns and Next Generation Sequencing Diagnostics for the Detection of Mycoses in Patients with Septic Shock—Results of a Combined Clinical and Experimental Investigation

Decker

Sigl

Grumaz

et al. 2017

IJMS

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Fungi are of increasing importance in sepsis. However, culture-based diagnostic procedures are associated with relevant weaknesses. Therefore, culture- and next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based fungal findings as well as corresponding plasma levels of β-d-glucan, interferon gamma (INF-γ), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-2, -4, -6, -10, -17A, and mid-regional proadrenomedullin (MR-proADM) were evaluated in 50 septic patients at six consecutive time points within 28 days after sepsis onset. Furthermore, immune-response patterns during infections with Candida spp. were studied in a reconstituted human epithelium model. In total, 22% (n = 11) of patients suffered from a fungal infection. An NGS-based diagnostic approach appeared to be suitable for the identification of fungal pathogens in patients suffering from fungemia as well as in patients with negative blood cultures. Moreover, MR-proADM and IL-17A in plasma proved suitable for the identification of patients with a fungal infection. Using RNA-seq., adrenomedullin (ADM) was shown to be a target gene which is upregulated early after an epithelial infection with Candida spp. In summary, an NGS-based diagnostic approach was able to close the diagnostic gap of routinely used culture-based diagnostic procedures, which can be further facilitated by plasmatic measurements of MR-proADM and IL-17A. In addition, ADM was identified as an early target gene in response to epithelial infections with Candida spp.

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“…The virus infects through the pharynx mucosa and proliferates into the blood. Viremia has also been reported in cases of viral pneumonia echovirus type 9 infection (Yoshioka and Horstmann, 1960;Aguado et al, 2014). Severe echovirus type 9 infections have been implicated in the acute development of type I diabetes mellitus (Vreugdenhil et al, 2000;Paananen et al, 2003;Cabrera-Rode et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hsp70 Is a Potential Therapeutic Target for Echovirus 9 Infection

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2020

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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Echovirus is an important cause of viral pneumonia and encephalitis in infants, neonates, and young children worldwide. However, the exact mechanism of its pathogenesis is still not well understood. Here, we established an echovirus type 9 infection mice model, and performed two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS)-based comparative proteomics analysis to investigate the differentially expressed host proteins in mice brain. A total of 21 differentially expressed proteins were identified by MS/MS. The annotation of the differentially expressed proteins by function using the UniProt and GO databases identified one viral protein (5%), seven cytoskeletal proteins (33%), six macromolecular biosynthesis and metabolism proteins (28%), two stress response and chaperone binding proteins (9%), and five other cellular proteins (25%). The subcellular locations of these proteins were mainly found in the cytoskeleton, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, and Golgi apparatus. The protein expression profiles and the results of quantitative RT-PCR in the detection of gene transcripts were found to complement each other. The differential protein interaction network was predicted using the STRING database. Of the identified proteins, heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), showing consistent results in the proteomics and transcriptomic analyses, was analyzed through Western blotting to verify the reliability of differential protein expression data in this study. Further, evaluation of the function of Hsp70 using siRNA and quercetin, an inhibitor of Hsp70, showed that Hsp70 was necessary for the infection of echovirus type 9. This study revealed that echovirus infection could cause the differential expression of a series of host proteins, which is helpful to reveal the pathogenesis of viral infection and identify therapeutic drug targets. Additionally, our results suggest that Hsp70 could be a useful therapeutic host protein target for echovirus infection.

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Sepsis and Meningitis Caused by Pasteurella Multocida and Echovirus 9 in a Neonate

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

Comparison of epidemiology and clinical characteristics of infections by human parechovirus vs. those by enterovirus during the first month of life

Comparison of epidemiology and clinical characteristics of infections by human parechovirus vs. those by enterovirus during the first month of life

Immune-Response Patterns and Next Generation Sequencing Diagnostics for the Detection of Mycoses in Patients with Septic Shock—Results of a Combined Clinical and Experimental Investigation

Hsp70 Is a Potential Therapeutic Target for Echovirus 9 Infection

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