Sepsis in adults and foals

Roy, Marie-France

doi:10.1016/j.cveq.2003.12.005

Cited by 52 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 79 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In species other than the horse it has been demonstrated that anti-inflammatory cytokines are also stimulated following endotoxin exposure, including IL-4, IL-10, IL-11, IL-13, TGF-β, soluble TNF-α receptors and IL-1 receptor antagonist (Krishnagopalan et al 2002;Roy 2004). …”

Section: Chapter 2 Induction Of Endotoxin Tolerance In Vitro In Equimentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction and characterization of endotoxin tolerance in equine peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro

Frellstedt

McKenzie

Barrett

et al. 2012

Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Endotoxemia is responsible for severe illness in horses. Individuals can become unresponsive to the endotoxin molecule after an initial exposure; this phenomenon has been called developing a state of 'endotoxin tolerance' (ET). ET has been induced in horses in vivo; however, cytokine expression associated with ET has not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a method for inducing ET in equine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in vitro, and to describe the cytokine profile which is associated with the ET.Blood was collected from 6 healthy horses and PBMCs were isolated. ET was induced by culturing cells with three concentrations of endotoxin given to induce ET, and evaluated after a second dose of endotoxin given to challenge the cells. The relative mRNA expression of IL-10 and IL-12 was measured by use of quantitative PCR.ET was induced in all cells (n=6) exposed to the 2-step endotoxin challenge. In PBMCs treated with 1.0 ng/ml of endotoxin followed by challenge with 10 ng/ml of endotoxin, the relative mRNA expression of IL-10 in tolerized cells was not different from positive control cells. In contrast, the relative mRNA expression of IL-12 in tolerized cells was decreased by 15-fold after the second endotoxin challenge compared with positive control cells.This experiment demonstrated a reliable method for the ex vivo induction of ET in equine PBMCs. A marked suppression of IL-12 production is associated with ET. The production of IL-10 was not altered in ET in our model.

show abstract

Section: Chapter 2 Induction Of Endotoxin Tolerance In Vitro In Equimentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction and characterization of endotoxin tolerance in equine peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro

Frellstedt

McKenzie

Barrett

et al. 2012

Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Embora associado a distúrbios gastrointestinais, esse tipo de choque pode ser sequela de infecções gramnegativas ou positivas, doenças fúngicas ou virais a exemplo da pleurite, pneumonia, metrite pós-parto, pericardite séptica e sepse neonatal (ROY, 2004;MELO et al, 2008).…”

Section: Classificação Do Choque Circulatóriounclassified

“…Os picos da IL-1 acontecem 90 minutos após o pico do TNF-α. Do mesmo modo do TNF-α, a IL-1 tem espectro de atividade amplo e potente, sendo considerada uma candidata a induzir injúrias ao tecido do hospedeiro durante o choque, principalmente séptico (OLSON et al, 1995;ROY, 2004).…”

Section: Mediadores Inflamatóriosunclassified

“…A IL-6 é produzida por vários tipos celulares após exposição ao TNF-α e IL-1, e sua concentração sérica aumenta rapidamente durante os estados de choque. A IL-6 é potente estimulante da resposta de fase aguda hepática e um fator de crescimento de linfócitos B (ROY, 2004).…”

Section: Mediadores Inflamatóriosunclassified

“…Existem três mecanismos que contribuem para o quadro de CID: (1) algumas citocinas, especialmente, IL-6, induzem a expressão maciça do fator tecidual (TF) na superfície dos macrófagos e células endoteliais, promovendo a síntese de trombina através da via extrínseca da coagulação; (2) os mecanismos naturais de inibição da coagulação (antitrombina, sistema da proteína C e inibidor da via do TF) estão inativos durante o choque séptico e (3) o sistema fibrinolítico, embora ativado inicialmente, é inibido através da liberação constante do inibidor/ativador de plasminogênio tipo 1 (PAM-1) (ROY, 2004).…”

Section: Coagulação Intravascular Disseminadaunclassified

See 2 more Smart Citations

Choque circulatório em equinos

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ResumoChoque circulatório pode ser definido como uma falha circulatória aguda com liberação inadequada de oxigênio e nutrientes aos tecidos, resultando em hipóxia celular. O choque pode ser classificado como cardiogênico, obstrutivo, hipovolêmico ou distributivo. As consequências fisiopatológicas da perfusão tecidual inadequada estão diretamente relacionadas à isquemia celular, liberação inadequada de O 2 e produção de potentes mediadores inflamatórios. Caso as anormalidades de perfusão tecidual se perpetuem, a função de vários órgãos se torna inadequada. A consequente reperfusão poderá exacerbar a disfunção orgânica e, nos casos graves, culminar na síndrome da disfunção orgânica múltipla. O reconhecimento precoce de equinos em choque circulatório e o fornecimento imediato de suporte circulatório efetivo são essenciais. Em todos os casos o objetivo é restaurar a perfusão e a liberação de oxigênio aos tecidos, enquanto se corrige a causa primária. A demora em fazer o diagnóstico e iniciar o tratamento, bem como a ressuscitação sub-ótima, contribuem para o desenvolvimento de falha vascular periférica e alterações irreversíveis na utilização de oxigênio, culminando na disfunção orgânica. Palavras-chave: Equino, fluidoterapia, hipovolemia, perfusão tecidual, mediadores inflamatórios AbstractCirculatory shock can be defined as an acute circulatory failure with an inadequate tissue delivery of oxygen and nutritive substrates to the tissues, resulting in generalised cellular hypoxia. Shock can be classified as cardiogenic, obstructive, hypovolaemic, or distributive. The pathophysiologic consequences of inadequate tissue perfusion are directly related to cell ischemia, inadequate O 2 delivery, and the production of proinflammatory mediators. If abnormalities of tissue perfusion are allowed to persist, the function of vital organs will be impaired. The subsequent reperfusion will exacerbate organ dysfunction and, in severe cases, may culminate in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Early recognition of equine that are shocked and immediate provision of effective circulatory support is therefore essential. In all cases the objective is to restore oxygen delivery to the tissues while correcting the underlying cause. Delays in making the diagnosis and initiating treatment, as well as suboptimal resuscitation, contribute to the development of peripheral vascular failure and irreversible defects in oxygen use which can culminate in vital organ dysfunction.

show abstract

Assessment of the microvascular perfusion using sidestream dark‐field imaging in healthy newborn foals

Freccero

Maio²,

Mariella

et al. 2022

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Different methods to measure tissue perfusion are available in equine neonatology, but they are not representative of microvascular derangements. Objective To evaluate the feasibility of the sidestream dark‐field (SDF) capillaroscopy to visualize the capillary microvasculature in conscious newborn foals, the differences between two imaging sites and times of measurements, and the measurements' reproducibility. Methods Seventeen healthy newborn foals were enrolled. Three sites at the upper and lower lip mucosa were assessed by SDF, using a hand‐held capiscope, at 24 h and at 4–5 days after birth. Videos were assessed independently by two observers for quality and for semiquantitative calculation of microvascular parameters, including vascular density (VD), microvascular flow index (MFI), proportion of perfused vessels (PPV), and functional capillary density (FCD). Data were analyzed using unpaired and paired Student's T‐tests to assess differences between sites and time‐points. Bland–Altman plots and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were used to assess measurement reproducibility. Results Differences were found between the upper and the lower lip for VD at both 24 h and 4–5 days, and for FCD at 24 h, and between the two time‐points for PPV at the lower lip. ICC for measurement reproducibility was good for all parameters (0.64–0.79) for the lower lip, and was good for VD and FCD (0,76–0,79) and fair to moderate for MFI and PPV (0.31–0.41) for the upper lip. Conclusions Measurement of the capillary microvasculature is feasible in the conscious newborn foal. The lower lip has the best measurement reproducibility. Further investigations are warranted in cardiovascularly compromised cases, particularly in septic foals.

show abstract

Sepsis in adults and foals

Cited by 52 publications

References 79 publications

Induction and characterization of endotoxin tolerance in equine peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro

Induction and characterization of endotoxin tolerance in equine peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro

Choque circulatório em equinos

Assessment of the microvascular perfusion using sidestream dark‐field imaging in healthy newborn foals

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About