Septic Arthritis Due to Scedosporium apiospermum: Case Report and Review

Tirado-Miranda, R.; Solera-Santos, J.; Brasero, J. C. Gonzalez; Haro-Estarriol, Manuel; Cascales‐Sanchez, P.; Igualada, J.B.

doi:10.1053/jinf.2001.0866

Cited by 37 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, or wound infections usually occur when barriers are breached secondary to trauma or surgery (253,297). There have been numerous reports of infections in immunocompetent individuals, including osteomyelitis, discitis, and arthritis (95,145,155,245,268,409,443,476), usually following deep extension of local disease. Among immunocompromised hosts, bone and articular involvement is more likely to be secondary to hematogenous dissemination of the fungus (242).…”

Section: Ii) Extrapulmonary Infections (A) Cutaneous and Subcutaneoumentioning

confidence: 99%

Infections Caused byScedosporiumspp

et al. 2008

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SUMMARY Scedosporium spp. are increasingly recognized as causes of resistant life-threatening infections in immunocompromised patients. Scedosporium spp. also cause a wide spectrum of conditions, including mycetoma, saprobic involvement and colonization of the airways, sinopulmonary infections, extrapulmonary localized infections, and disseminated infections. Invasive scedosporium infections are also associated with central nervous infection following near-drowning accidents. The most common sites of infection are the lungs, sinuses, bones, joints, eyes, and brain. Scedosporium apiospermum and Scedosporium prolificans are the two principal medically important species of this genus. Pseudallescheria boydii, the teleomorph of S. apiospermum, is recognized by the presence of cleistothecia. Recent advances in molecular taxonomy have advanced the understanding of the genus Scedosporium and have demonstrated a wider range of species than heretofore recognized. Studies of the pathogenesis of and immune response to Scedosporium spp. underscore the importance of innate host defenses in protection against these organisms. Microbiological diagnosis of Scedosporium spp. currently depends upon culture and morphological characterization. Molecular tools for clinical microbiological detection of Scedosporium spp. are currently investigational. Infections caused by S. apiospermum and P. boydii in patients and animals may respond to antifungal triazoles. By comparison, infections caused by S. prolificans seldom respond to medical therapy alone. Surgery and reversal of immunosuppression may be the only effective therapeutic options for infections caused by S. prolificans.

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Section: Ii) Extrapulmonary Infections (A) Cutaneous and Subcutaneoumentioning

confidence: 99%

Infections Caused byScedosporiumspp

et al. 2008

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“…Scedosporium spp. cause a broad spectrum of diseases, including soft tissue infections ( 4 – 6 ), septic arthritis ( 7 ), osteomyelitis ( 8 , 9 ), ophthalmic infections ( 10 – 12 ), sinusitis ( 13 ), pneumonia ( 14 , 15 ), meningitis and brain abscesses ( 16 , 17 ), endocarditis ( 18 ), and disseminated infection ( 8 , 18 – 21 ). Patients at risk include those immunocompromised because of advanced HIV infection ( 6 , 18 , 20 ), immunosuppressive therapy and neutropenia ( 6 , 18 – 21 ), or intravenous drug use ( 6 , 20 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Infection withScedosporium apiospermumandS.prolificans, Australia

Cooley

Spelman

Thursky

et al. 2007

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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“…This organism is most commonly associated with localized cutaneous and subcutaneous infections of the lower extremities after traumatic penetration with contaminated material (Madura foot) but can also cause disease at other sites such as the lung, brain, bone, eye, sinuses and joints [3–5]. Invasive and disseminated disease presenting with severe pneumonia, CNS infection, and endocarditis has been described in immunocompromised hosts, where the respiratory tract has been identified as the main major portal of entry [6–8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%