Septic arthritis of the temporomandibular joint as a complication of acute otitis media in a child: A rare case and the importance of real-time PCR for diagnosis

Severe septic arthritis of the temporomandibular joint with pyogenic orofacial infections: A case report and review of the literature

“…At present, no clear consensus on the management of SATMJ has been reached, and thus, different methods have been proposed for joint drainage and decompression in various SATMJ cases, including needle aspiration, arthroscopy and arthrotomy (40). To keep potential therapy-induced risks of the TMJ to a minimum, needle aspiration was often selected as an initial way to relieve the pain and clear the inflammatory medium; particularly arthrocentesis with double needles was advocated as more effective and irrigation may be performed simultaneously.…”

“…An increasing body of evidence suggested that the detection of pathogens by microbiological culture is important for selecting a suitable and efficient antibiotic therapy (5,10,13,27,29,30,38,40). Although empiric antibiotic therapy may not be effective against certain pathogens, systemic antibiotics should be applied if a provisional diagnosis of SATMJ has been made, and a negative result of definitive bacterial culture should not delay early vigorous treatment.…”

Septic Arthritis of the Temporomandibular Joint Secondary to Acute Otitis Media in an Adult: A Rare Case with Achromobacter xylosoxidans

“…This yielded 4 manuscripts published reporting septic arthritis of the TMJ as a complication of otitis media in the English and Japanese literature. Bast et al and Gayle et al described paediatric cases [1, 3] and Cai et al and Ishikawa et al described adult cases [2, 4]. The offending organisms isolated in these cases were Group A streptococci and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).…”

“…It is considered to be a medical emergency and according to literature mortality rates can be up to 12% in the extremity joints, and up to 75% of survivors develop significant functional disability in the involved joints or growth problems [1]. The major cause of inoculation of the microorganism is usually a penetrating wound resulting from joint injection or direct extension from a contiguous site.…”

“…No clear consensus has been reached on the diagnosis and management of this condition. SATMJ is a rare complication of acute otitis media (AOM) with only four reported cases in the English and Japanese literature [1–4]. Of the reported cases, the offending organisms are the commonly found Group A streptococci and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).…”