Septic Thrombophlebitis Caused by<i>Fusobacterium necrophorum</i>in an Intravenous Drug User

Dimitropoulou, Dimitra; Lagadinou, Maria; Papayiannis, T.; Siabi, V.; Gogos, C. A.; Marangos, Markos

doi:10.1155/2013/870846

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Fusobacterium has been most commonly associated with Lemierre’s syndrome and pharyngitis, but can also cause infections of gastrointestinal and urinary tract [ 18 ]. The organism is known to colonize the skin, thus resulting in sepsis and cerebral abscesses in patients with history of intravenous drug abuse or in patients with a central venous catheter such as the case in our patient [ 19 ]. Another risk factor for bacteremia and potential infection with Fusobacterium is the alteration in the pharyngeal environment caused by local infection along with invasive procedure such as endotracheal intubation [ 18 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebral Abscess following Mechanical Thrombectomy for Ischemic Stroke: Report of a Case and Review of Literature

Rao

Ahmad

Tariq

et al. 2018

Cureus

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Cerebral infections have been reported after endovascular interventions such as embolization and coiling. Such complications are extremely rare and only one other case has been reported in a patient who underwent an endovascular therapy for ischemic stroke. We report a 32-year-old woman, who presented to our hospital with headaches lasting four weeks after an endovascular intervention for ischemic stroke via mechanical thrombectomy. Further investigations revealed a cerebral abscess in the area of the infarct. She was effectively treated with antibiotics in combination with stereotactic drainage and was discharged after she made a good recovery. A review of literature on cerebral abscesses after minimally invasive procedures such as endovascular intervention was also done and is being presented in this paper. A cerebral abscess can occur rarely after endovascular interventions. A high degree of suspicion is important in identifying patients with an abscess and appropriate treatment can prevent significant morbidity or even death.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebral Abscess following Mechanical Thrombectomy for Ischemic Stroke: Report of a Case and Review of Literature

Rao

Ahmad

Tariq

et al. 2018

Cureus

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“…The difference in immune parameters or score between men and women was analysed by the Standardized Major Axis Test and Routines [26]. In the tables, slope, intercept, R, and the p value of the regression line are shown, and the p-values of the comparison between men and women are also shown.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Slower immune system aging in women versus men in the Japanese population

et al. 2013

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BackgroundGender-related differences in humans are commonly observed in behaviour, physical activity, disease, and lifespan. However, the notion that age-related changes in the immune system differ between men and women remains controversial. To elucidate the relationship between immunological changes and lifespan, peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy Japanese subjects (age range: 20–90 years; N = 356) were analysed by using three-colour flow cytometry. The proliferative activities and cytokine-producing capacities of T cells in response to anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody stimulation were also assessed.ResultsAn age-related decline in the number of T cells, certain subpopulations of T cells (including CD8+ T cells, CD4+CDRA+ T cells, and CD8+CD28+ T cells), and B cells, and in the proliferative capacity of T cells was noted. The rate of decline in these immunological parameters, except for the number of CD8+ T cells, was greater in men than in women (p < 0.05). We observed an age-related increase or increasing trend in the number of CD4+ T cells, CD4+CDRO+ T cells, and natural killer (CD56+CD16+) cells, as well as in the CD4+ T cell/CD8+ T cell ratio. The rate of increase of these immunological parameters was greater in women than in men (p < 0.05). T cell proliferation index (TCPI) was calculated from the T cell proliferative activity and the number of T cells; it showed an age-related decline that was greater in men than in women (p < 0.05). T cell immune score, which was calculated using 5 T cell parameters, also showed an age-related decline that was greater in men than in women (p < 0.05). Moreover, a trend of age-related decreases was observed in IFNγ, IL-2, IL-6, and IL-10 production, when lymphocytes were cultured with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody stimulation. The rate of decline in IL-6 and IL-10 production was greater in men than in women (p < 0.05).ConclusionAge-related changes in various immunological parameters differ between men and women. Our findings indicate that the slower rate of decline in these immunological parameters in women than that in men is consistent with the fact that women live longer than do men.

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“…have been reported in IVDU. Infections associated with oral bacteria usually result from needle licking [3,[20][21][22][23][24][25]. Wound licking was reported in one study [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infections in Injection Drug Users: The Significance of Oral Bacteria and a Comparison with Bacteria Originating from Skin and Environmental Sources

Pandya¹,

Kannangara²

2020

DDA

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Infections are common in IV drug users (IVDU). Heroin was by far the most common drug abused in our series of 80 patients. The spectrum of infections in our patients with ages ranging from 20-63, varied from mild skin infections to life threatening and fatal conditions such as septic shock, necrotizing fasciitis, spinal cord infarction and endocarditis with cerebral septic emboli. Our studies showed that bacterial infections in IV drug users originate from three different sources: 1. Skin (contaminated hands) 2. Oral microbiota 3. Environmental sources including water, soil and plants. The most common skin bacteria isolated were methicillin susceptible and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA and MRSA). In our study Streptococcus anginosus group was the most common oral bacteria in IVDU with Streptococcus intermedius predominating, followed by group A Streptococcus, Prevotella spp., Eikenella corrodens, Haemophilus parainfluenzae and group C Streptococcus. A variety of environmental bacteria were isolated, but the total number of patients in this group was smaller. Bacteria originating from water, soil or plants present were: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Delftia acidovorans, Commamonas sp., Chryseobacterium spp., Klebsiella spp., Serratia marcesens, Burkholderia cepacia, Pseudomonas fluorescence and Acinetobacter. Twenty four out of 48 (50%) Staphylococcus aureusinfected patients were bacteremic, followed by 6/10 (60%) group A Streptococcus infected cases. Life threatening infections were more common with those infected with Staphylococcus aureus or Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Few had Candida sp., likely of oral origin. Hepatitis C was less common (2/37) 5.4% in the group with oral bacteria and more frequent in MSSA/MRSA patients (13/47) 27.7%. There was 1 coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus each in oral and skin bacteria associated groups. The bacteria isolated provided a clue to the source of infections and habits of the IV drug users.

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Septic Thrombophlebitis Caused byFusobacterium necrophorumin an Intravenous Drug User

Cited by 11 publications

References 9 publications

Cerebral Abscess following Mechanical Thrombectomy for Ischemic Stroke: Report of a Case and Review of Literature

Cerebral Abscess following Mechanical Thrombectomy for Ischemic Stroke: Report of a Case and Review of Literature

Slower immune system aging in women versus men in the Japanese population

Infections in Injection Drug Users: The Significance of Oral Bacteria and a Comparison with Bacteria Originating from Skin and Environmental Sources

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