Septicaemia with Coagulase Negative Staphylococci in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Risk Factors for Infection, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of the Bacterial Strains

Eshali, H.; Ringertz, Signe; NystrÖM, Siv; Faxelius, Gerd

doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1989.tb11293.x

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, only 17 out of 31 episodes were classified as true catheter-related sepsis, defined as both positive blood culture and culture-positive intravascular catheter tip with CNS of identical resistance pattern. The role of CNS as major aetiologic agents of neonatal septicaemia, notably in VLBI, has been described in several reports during the past years (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19). The present results, by using stringent criteria for the definition of CNS sepsis, confirm former observations of these microorganisms as leading pathogens in the NICU environment, since increasing numbers of extremely low birthweight infants survive who seem to be particularly prone to severe infections caused by these ordinarily nonpathogenic skin commensals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…CNS were the single most common aetiologic agent for neonatal septicaemia in this study, despite the fact that rather strict criteria for the evaluation of CNS-positive blood cultures were applied. In 28 of 31 episodes of CNS bacteraemia a central venous catheter was present by the time the blood culture was obtained, similar to the situation reported previously (12)(13)(14)(15)(16). However, only 17 out of 31 episodes were classified as true catheter-related sepsis, defined as both positive blood culture and culture-positive intravascular catheter tip with CNS of identical resistance pattern.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

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Septicaemia in an Austrian neonatal intensive care unit: a 7‐year analysis

et al. 1998

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The results of blood cultures and clinical data of 101 neonates with 110 episodes of septicaemia during a 7‐y study period were reviewed. The overall incidence of culture‐proven sepsis within the study period was 6.0 per 100 neonatal intensive care unit admissions and the mortality rate was 14%. Three groups of pathogens accounted for 70% of all isolates: coagulase‐negative staphylococci (27%), aerobic Gram‐negative rods (24%) and Enterococcusfaecalis (19%). Group B streptococcus was the major pathogen of very early‐onset septicaemia (within 24 h of birth), whereas late‐onset infections were most commonly caused by coagulase‐negative staphylococci. Birthweight <1500g, gestational age <30 weeks of gestation and early onset of symptoms within the first week of life were associated with poor prognosis. In addition, the case fatality rate of episodes caused by Gram‐negative organisms was significantly higher than that of Gram‐positive bacteraemia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Septicaemia in an Austrian neonatal intensive care unit: a 7‐year analysis

et al. 1998

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“…In 28 of 31 episodes of CNS bacteraemia a central venous catheter was present by the time the blood culture was obtained, similar to the situation reported previously (12)(13)(14)(15)(16). In 28 of 31 episodes of CNS bacteraemia a central venous catheter was present by the time the blood culture was obtained, similar to the situation reported previously (12)(13)(14)(15)(16).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Septicaemia in an Austrian neonatal intensive care unit: a 7-year analysis

Berger¹,

Hr²,

Weninger³

et al. 1998

SPAE

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The results of blood cultures and clinical data of 101 neonates with 110 episodes of septicaemia during a 7-y study period were reviewed. The overall incidence of culture-proven sepsis within the study period was 6.0 per 100 neonatal intensive care unit admissions and the mortality rate was 14%. Three groups of pathogens accounted for 70% of all isolates: coagulase-negative staphylococci (27%), aerobic Gram-negative rods (24%) and Enterococcus faecalis (19%). Group B streptococcus was the major pathogen of very early-onset septicaemia (within 24 h of birth), whereas late-onset infections were most commonly caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci. Birthweight <1500 g, gestational age <30 weeks of gestation and early onset of symptoms within the first week of life were associated with poor prognosis. In addition, the case fatality rate of episodes caused by Gram-negative organisms was significantly higher than that of Gram-positive bacteraemia.

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“…Six patients had blood cultures that were positive for CNS, and five of these patients subsequently developed moderate or severe BPD (18). Previous studies have widely reported CNS in blood cultures from neonates and children, and these organisms are believed to be the leading cause of late-onset sepsis among low-birth-weight infants (4,8,11,12,15,23,24). Further research into the role of CNS in BPD is warranted, especially as methicillin-resistant CNS are becoming more prevalent within the community and in health care settings (1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Quantitative Analysis of Ureaplasma urealyticum and Ureaplasma parvum Compared with Host Immune Response in Preterm Neonates at Risk of Developing Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

et al. 2012

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Multiplex, real-time PCR for the identification of Ureaplasma urealyticum and Ureaplasma parvum was performed on nucleic acids extracted from sequential endotracheal aspirates obtained from preterm neonates born at <29 weeks of gestation and ventilated for more than 48 h admitted to two level 3 neonatal intensive care units. Specimens were obtained shortly after birth and sequentially up until extubation. One hundred fifty-two specimens (93.8%) contained material suitable for analysis. Ureaplasma spp. were identified in 5 of 13 neonates studied. In most cases, the DNA load of the detected Ureaplasma species was low and decreased over time. In addition, changes in detectable Ureaplasma species DNA did not relate to changes in the inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP) or respiratory status. All but two blood samples obtained at times of suspected sepsis were culture positive for other microorganisms; the species cultured were typically coagulase-negative staphylococci and were associated with increased levels of CRP (>10 mg/liter). This study was limited by the small number of patients examined and does not have the power to support or contradict the hypothesis that postnatal lung infection with Ureaplasma parvum is causally related to bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) or adverse respiratory outcomes after preterm birth. However, in this study, increases in CRP levels were not associated with patients in whom Ureaplasma parvum was detected, in contrast to the detection of other bacterial species. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common form of chronic lung disease in premature neonates (22) and results in significant morbidity during early childhood. The role of infection, specifically by Ureaplasma spp., in relation to this condition remains controversial (3, 5-7, 9, 17).Ureaplasma spp. are among the organisms most commonly isolated from the urogenital tracts of healthy women (27). Several studies have suggested that these bacteria are associated with preterm labor, chorioamnionitis, and the development of BPD (10, 27). We recently reported the frequent identification of Ureaplasma spp. in both endotracheal (ET) and nasogastric (NG) aspirates taken from preterm neonates shortly after birth using a species-specific PCR (18). The data showed that Ureaplasma spp. were found more frequently among neonates born more prematurely. While we were able to demonstrate an association between the presence of Ureaplasma spp. in ET aspirates and adverse respiratory outcomes, this association lacked statistical significance after regression analysis taking into account the number of days of ventilation. The extent to which these bacteria are an important cause of inflammatory lung injury remains uncertain.In this further study, we have used a multiplex, real-time PCR assay to detect Ureaplasma parvum and Ureaplasma urealyticum in nucleic acids extracted from sequential ET aspirates obtained from preterm neonates intubated for more than 48 h after birth. Changes in the airway bacterial loads of Ureaplasma spp. i...

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Septicaemia with Coagulase Negative Staphylococci in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Risk Factors for Infection, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of the Bacterial Strains

Cited by 14 publications

References 18 publications

Septicaemia in an Austrian neonatal intensive care unit: a 7‐year analysis

Septicaemia in an Austrian neonatal intensive care unit: a 7‐year analysis

Septicaemia in an Austrian neonatal intensive care unit: a 7-year analysis

A Quantitative Analysis of Ureaplasma urealyticum and Ureaplasma parvum Compared with Host Immune Response in Preterm Neonates at Risk of Developing Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

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