Sequela of female genital mutilation on birth outcomes in Jijiga town, Ethiopian Somali region: a prospective cohort study

Gebremicheal, Kiros; Alemseged, Fisehaye; Ewunetu, Haimanot; Tolossa, Daniel; Ma’alin, Abdibari; Yewondwessen, Mahlet; Melaku, Samuel

doi:10.1186/s12884-018-1937-4

Cited by 25 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…However, FGM is a practice associated with adverse health outcomes, such as poor mental health, psychological and emotional disturbance and persistent lower urinary tract symptoms, bacterial vaginosis and dyspareunia, all of which need better documentation, appropriate treatment and further research [3,26,27]. As discussed earlier, FGM is also associated with adverse maternal outcomes such as obstructed labour, post-partum bleeding and the need for emergency caesarean section [9].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Changing prevalence and factors associated with female genital mutilation in Ethiopia: Data from the 2000, 2005 and 2016 national demographic health surveys

et al. 2020

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Setting Female genital mutilation (FGM) is a traditional surgical modification of the female genitalia comprising all procedures involving partial or total removal of the external female genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for cultural or nontherapeutic reasons. It can be harmful and violates girls' and women's human rights. FGM is a worldwide problem but mainly practiced in Africa. FGM is still widely practiced in Ethiopia despite being made a criminal offence in 2004. Objective Using data from three Ethiopian Demographic Health Surveys (EDHS) conducted in 2000, 2005 and 2016 the objective was to assess changes in prevalence of FGM and associated factors among women of reproductive age and their daughters. Methods EDHS datasets for the three surveys included data on FGM prevalence and socio-demographic factors. After weighting, the data were analysed using frequencies, proportions and the chi square test for trend. Categorical variables associated with FGM in 2016 were compared using OpenEpi and presented as prevalence ratios (Pr) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CI). Levels of significance were set at 5% (P<0.05).

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Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Changing prevalence and factors associated with female genital mutilation in Ethiopia: Data from the 2000, 2005 and 2016 national demographic health surveys

et al. 2020

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“…This study commensurates the findings from a narrative review of psychosexual consequences and a meta-analysis study on Nigerian women based on their psychosocial analysis. The former posited that women with FGM are more prone to developing psychological disorders such as phobia, anxiety, somatization, self-esteem, and post-traumatic stress disorder and equally physiological problem in respect to being sexually stimulated, while the latter revealed that FGM creates psychological problems, sexual abnormalities, and unhappiness in marriage [48,49].…”

Section: Consequences Of Female Genital Mutilation In Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Female Genital Mutilation in Africa: Are the Women Beneficiaries or Victims?

Shakirat

Alshibshoubi

Delia

et al. 2020

Cureus

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Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) is a social phenomenon that is deeply rooted in African sociocultural and religious facets. It covers a sequence of procedures carried out on the genitals of females of different ages, including total or partial removal of the female external genitalia or other injuries to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons. Several studies have shown beyond a reasonable doubt that FGM is more of a detriment than benefit to the mutilated women. Hence, this review comprehensively presents the narratives and experience of African women about FGM with a focus on whether they are beneficiaries or victims of the practice. The method adopted involved searching for relevant studies through PubMed and Google Scholar databases coupled with some prominent internet materials. This method was done majorly to identify and utilize the best quality published studies on FGM in Africa. Having lent due credence to the relevant studies pooled together, it was established that the practice of FGM in the African continent is highly undesirable. It creates numerous health complications coupled with psychosocial, psychological, and psychosexual issues for the mutilated women. Prominent among these repercussions are infection, the formation of scarring and keloid, monthly menstrual difficulties, urinary symptoms, infertility, obstetric complications during pregnancy and labor, depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Despite these complications, it was revealed that FGM is still extant in many African countries. However, the fear of becoming a social outcast is the biggest hindrance facing anti-FGM campaigners. FGM is unequivocally a cankerworm that has eaten the freedom and wellbeing of African women, making them choiceless victims. Therefore, it is quite pertinent for governments and community leaders to provide medical support to the victims and fight the prevalence of FGM in their jurisdictions. This can be achieved through increased awareness about its adverse effects, women's education, and community shunning of the practice coupled with appropriate sanctioning of the erring members.

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“…In Ethiopia, the prevalence of FGM was 80% according to Ethiopia Demographic Health Survey (EDHS) 2000 [ 12 ], 75% according to EDHS 2005 [ 13 ], and 70.8% according to EDHS 2016 [ 14 ]. Concerning regional states in Ethiopia, the highest prevalence of FGM was found in Afar, Somali, Hadya, and Wolayta but less prevalent in Gambella and Tigray [ 13 , 15 ] . According to EDHS 2005, the prevalence of FGM in the Amhara region was 74% [ 16 ] while the cross-sectional study in Lejet kebele, Dembecha woreda, Amhara region in 2014 report that 94% women and 34.2% of under five children were circumcised [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge, attitude, practice, and predictors of female genital mutilation in Degadamot district, Amhara regional state, Northwest Ethiopia, 2018

et al. 2020

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Background: Female genital mutilation is defined as all procedures that involve partial or total removal of external female genitalia, or other injuries to the female genital organs for cultural and religious purposes. In Ethiopia, the prevalence of female genital mutilation practice was 70.8% according to Ethiopian demographic and health survey 2016. This practice is against females' reproductive health rights with many serious consequences in physical, mental, social and psychological makeup. Therefore, this study aimed to assess knowledge, attitude, practice, and predictors of female genital mutilation in Degadamot district. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted. Three hundred twenty-five mothers who had under 5 years old female children were selected using systematic random sampling from seven kebeles of Degadamot district. Data were collected using an adapted semi-structured face to face interview questionnaire. Data were entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and then exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Logistic regression analysis with 95% confidence intervals was carried out to determine the associations between predictor variables and outcome variables. Result: The finding of this study revealed that 56.6% of mothers had good knowledge about female genital mutilation and 54.2% of participants had a favorable attitude about female genital mutilation. 70.8% of under 5 years old female children's had female genital mutilation. Marital status AOR = 7.19(95%CI3.22-16.03), monthly income AOR = 1.97(95% CI 0.26-3.81), custom AOR = 2.13(95% CI 1.20-3.78), belief AOR =2.47(95% CI 1.39-4.39), value AOR = 0.37(95% CI 0.22-0.63), and attitude AOR = 24.4(95% CI 20.01-34.76) towards female genital mutilation had significant association with female genital mutilation practice. Conclusion: Prevalence of FGM practices among female children of under 5 years of age was found to be high as compared to the national level (64%). 56.6% of mothers had good knowledge about FGM. The majority of the women had a favorable attitude to keep FGM practice among their under 5 years old daughters. Marital status, monthly income, custom, belief, value, and attitude had a significant association with FGM practice.

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Sequela of female genital mutilation on birth outcomes in Jijiga town, Ethiopian Somali region: a prospective cohort study

Cited by 25 publications

References 13 publications

Changing prevalence and factors associated with female genital mutilation in Ethiopia: Data from the 2000, 2005 and 2016 national demographic health surveys

Changing prevalence and factors associated with female genital mutilation in Ethiopia: Data from the 2000, 2005 and 2016 national demographic health surveys

An Overview of Female Genital Mutilation in Africa: Are the Women Beneficiaries or Victims?

Knowledge, attitude, practice, and predictors of female genital mutilation in Degadamot district, Amhara regional state, Northwest Ethiopia, 2018

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