The G1 rotavirus is the most widespread genotype causing acute gastroenteritis in children. In an attempt to investigate the occurrence of intragenic recombination, 131 complete coding region sequences of VP7 genes of the G1 rotaviruses in GenBank were examined. Three hitherto-unreported intragenic recombinant rotaviruses were identified. It was noteworthy that two different types (interlineage and intersublineage) of intragenic recombination in rotaviruses were also found. This is the first report to demonstrate the existence of intragenic recombinations between interlineage and intersublineage in G1 rotaviruses.Acute gastroenteritis is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality of children in both developed and developing countries. Despite much progress in the understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease and its management with the widespread use of oral rehydration therapies, acute gastroenteritis consistently ranks as one of the top causes of death worldwide (9,10,20). The rotaviruses, which comprise a genus in the family Reoviridae, are icosahedral in appearance. With VP4 spikes, the rotavirus is about 110 nm in diameter. The virion of this virus is a nonenveloped, triple-layered capsid containing 11 segments of double-stranded RNA genome. The rotavirus genome encodes six structural and six nonstructural proteins (3). This virus is estimated to be responsible for 111 million episodes of diarrhea requiring only home care, 25 million clinic visits, 2 million hospitalizations, and 325,000 to 592,000 deaths every year in children under five years old (12). Over past decades, G1 rotaviruses have been the most widespread genotype causing acute gastroenteritis in children from many countries covering all continents of the world (18). Nucleotide substitution and genomic reassortment have been proposed to be the most important mechanisms of rotavirus evolution in nature (3,4,18). The rapidly increasing detection of G1 rotavirus, in association with the genetic heterogeneity, raises intriguing questions such as whether rotavirus evolution is driven by intragenic recombination. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess the occurrence of intragenic recombination in the VP7 genes of the G1 rotaviruses.A total of 131 sequences of the G1 rotaviruses, including our 36 sequence data from China, Japan, and Vietnam (15, 22, 26), which did not include any gaps in the alignment for the entire coding region of VP7 genes, were collected from GenBank. Sequence alignment was performed using CLUSTAL X (21).Phylogenetic trees with 100 bootstrap replicates of the nucleotide alignment datasets were generated using the neighborjoining method (17). Genetic distance was calculated using Kimura's two-parameter method (PHYLIP) (6). SimPlot was used to detect recombinant rotavirus sequences as well as the breakpoints (7).All 131 sequences of the G1 rotaviruses in this study were classified into different lineages and sublineages (Fig. 1) according to the recent G1 rotavirus classification scheme in which the nucleotide homolog...