Sequence similarity between HLA-DR1 and DR4 subtypes associated with rheumatoid arthritis and proteus/serratia membrane haemolysins.

Ebringer, Alan; Cunningham, Philip; Ahmadi, Khatereh; Wrigglesworth, John M.; Hosseini, Ramine; Wilson, Clyde

doi:10.1136/ard.51.11.1245

Cited by 55 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The major microbial trigger of rheumatoid arthritis has been identified as Proteus mirabilis, 3 a normal part of the human gastrointestinal flora. Similarly, Klebsiella pneumoniae has been shown to initiate ankylosing spondylitis 4 and Acinetobacter baylyi and Pseudomonas aeruginosa have been linked with the onset of multiple sclerosis. 5 Borrelia burgdorferi is linked with Lyme disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tannin components and inhibitory activity of Kakadu plum leaf extracts against microbial triggers of autoimmune inflammatory diseases

Courtney¹,

Sirdaarta²,

Matthews³

et al. 2014

Phcog J

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Introduction: Autoimmune inflammatory diseases can be triggered by specific bacteria in susceptible individuals. Terminalia ferdinandiana (Kakadu plum) has documented therapeutic properties as a general antiseptic agent. However, the high ascorbic acid levels in Kakadu plum fruit may interfere with this activity. Methods: T. ferdinandiana leaf solvent extracts were investigated by disc diffusion assay against a panel of bacteria known to trigger autoimmune inflammatory diseases.Their MIC values were determined to quantify and compare their efficacies.Toxicity was determined using the Artemia franciscana nauplii bioassay. Non-targeted HPLC separation of crude extracts coupled to high resolution time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectroscopy with screening against 3 compound databases was used for the identification and characterisation of individual components in crude plant extracts. Results: Methanolic, aqueous and ethyl acetate T. Ferdinandiana leaf extracts displayed potent antibacterial activity in the disc diffusion assay against the bacterial triggers of rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and multiple sclerosis. The ethyl acetate extract had the most potent inhibitory activity, with MIC values less than 120 µg/ml against P. mirabilis and A. baylyi (both reference and clinical strains). The ethyl acetate extract had similar potency against K. pneumonia (both reference and clinical strains), but had higher MIC values (2733 µg/ml) against P. aeruginosa. The methanolic extract was also a potent inhibitor of bacterial growth, with MIC values generally < 1000 µg/ml. In comparison, the water, chloroform and hexane leaf extracts were all substantially less potent antibacterial agents, with MICs values generally well over 1000 µg/ml. All T. ferdinandiana leaf extracts were either nontoxic or of low toxicity in the Artemia fransiscana bioassay.Non-biased phytochemical analysis of the ethyl acetate extract revealed the presence of high levels of tannins (exifone (4-galloylpyrogallol), ellagic acid dehydrate, trimethylellagic acid, chebulic acid, corilagin, punicalin, castalagin and chebulagic acid). Conclusion: The low toxicity of the T. ferdinandiana leaf extracts and their potent inhibitory bioactivity against the bacterial triggers of autoimmune inflammatory disorders indicates their potential as medicinal agents in the treatment and prevention of these diseases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tannin components and inhibitory activity of Kakadu plum leaf extracts against microbial triggers of autoimmune inflammatory diseases

Courtney¹,

Sirdaarta²,

Matthews³

et al. 2014

Phcog J

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show abstract

“…The major microbial trigger of rheumatoid arthritis has been identified as Proteus mirabilis, 2 a normal part of the human gastrointestinal flora. Similarly, Klebsiella pneumoniae has been shown to initiate ankylosing spondylitis 3 and Acinetobacter baylyi and Pseudomonas aeruginosa have been linked with the onset of multiple sclerosis. 4 Borrelia burgdorferi is linked with Lyme disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory activity of high antioxidant Australian native fruits against the bacterial triggers of selected autoimmune diseases

Maen¹,

Cock²

2014

Phcog Commn.

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Introduction: High antioxidant capacities have been linked to the treatment of rheumatic diseases and in the inhibition of microbial growth. Recent reports have identified several native Australian fruits with high antioxidant capacities. Despite this, several of these species are yet to be tested for the ability to inhibit the growth of the bacterial triggers of autoimmune inflammatory diseases. Methods: Solvent extracts prepared from selectedAustralian native fruits were analysed for antioxidant capacity by the DPPH free radical scavenging assay.Growth inhibitory activities against bacterial species associated with initiating rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitiswere determined bydisc diffusion assay and quantified by MIC determination. Toxicity was determined by Artemia franciscana bioassay. Results: Methanolic extracts of all plant species displayed high antioxidant contents (equivalent to approximately 7-16 mg of vitamin C per gram of fruit extracted). Most aqueous extracts also contained relatively high antioxidant capacities. In contrast, the ethyl acetate, chloroform and hexane extracts for most species (except lemon aspen and bush tomato) had lower antioxidant contents (below 1.5 mg of vitamin C equivalents per gram of plant material extracted). Interestingly, the bacterial growth inhibitory activity of the extracts did not correlate with their antioxidant capacities. The fruit extracts with the highest antioxidant capacities (lemon aspen and desert lime methanolic extracts) had only low antibacterial activity, with MIC values generally >10,000 µg/ml against all bacterial species. In contrast, the Illawarra plum and desert lime ethyl acetate extracts, which had mid-range antioxidant capacities (1-6.5 mg ascorbic acid equivalents/g extracted), had potent bacterial growth inhibitory activity (200-400 µg/ml). The native tamarind ethyl acetate extract displayed low-moderate toxicity in the Artemia franciscana bioassay (LC50valuesbelow 1000 µg/mL).All other extracts were nontoxic. Conclusion: The lack of toxicity and inhibitory activity against microbial triggers of rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis by the fruit extracts indicates their potential in the treatment and prevention of these diseases.

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“…Recent serotyping studies have identified several of the bacterial triggers of some of these conditions and the bacterial antigens responsible for the induction of an immune response. [2][3][4][5][6][7] The major microbial trigger of rheumatoid arthritis has been identified as Proteus mirabilis, 2-4 a normal part of the human gastrointestinal flora. Similarly, Klebsiella pneumoniae has been shown to initiate ankylosing spondylitis 2,[5][6][7] and Acinetobacter baylyi and Pseudomonas aeruginosa have been linked with the onset of multiple sclerosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aleurites moluccanus (l.) Willd. Extracts Inhibit the Growth of Bacterial Triggers of Selected Autoimmune Inflammatory Diseases

Mpala¹,

Chikowe²,

Cock³

2017

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Introduction: Aleurites moluccanus (L.) Willd. is a large tree with a wide global distribution. All parts of the tree have been used medicinally and the nut is consumed in a variety of cuisines. Despite this, A. moluccanus nut extracts have not been rigorously examined growth inhibitory properties against many bacteria, including the bacterial triggers of autoimmune inflammatory diseases. Methods: The antimicrobial activity of A. moluccanus nut solvent extractions was investigated by disc diffusion and growth time course assays against a panel of bacterial triggers of autoimmune diseases. The growth inhibitory activity was further quantified by MIC determination. Toxicity was determined using the Artemia franciscana nauplii bioassay. Results: Methanolic and aqueous A. moluccanus nut solvent extracts were potent inhibitors of all of the bacterial triggers of autoimmune diseases screened in this study. The methanolic extract displayed the most potent bacterial growth inhibitory activity. It was particularly potent against the bacterial triggers of rheumatoid arthritis (MICs of 438 and 215 µg/mL against reference and clinical Proteus mirabilis strains; MIC of 187 µg/mL against Proteus vulgaris). The methanolic extract was also a good inhibitor of K. pneumoniae and S. pyogenes growth with MICs < 1000 µg/mL. The aqueous and ethyl acetate extracts were also potent bacterial growth inhibitors, albeit with slightly higher MIC values. The antibacterial activity of the methanolic and aqueous A. moluccanus nut extracts were further investigated by growth time course assays which showed significant growth inhibition in cultures of P. mirabilis, K. pneumpniae and S. pyogenes within 1 h of exposure. All extracts were determined to be nontoxic in the Artemia franciscana nauplii bioassay, indicating their safety for prophylactic use in preventing these autoimmune inflammatory diseases. Conclusions: The lack of toxicity of the A. moluccanus nut extracts and their growth inhibitory bioactivity against the bacterial triggers of rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and rheumatic heart disease indicate their potential in the development of new therapies targeting the onset of these diseases.

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Sequence similarity between HLA-DR1 and DR4 subtypes associated with rheumatoid arthritis and proteus/serratia membrane haemolysins.

Cited by 55 publications

References 8 publications

Tannin components and inhibitory activity of Kakadu plum leaf extracts against microbial triggers of autoimmune inflammatory diseases

Tannin components and inhibitory activity of Kakadu plum leaf extracts against microbial triggers of autoimmune inflammatory diseases

Inhibitory activity of high antioxidant Australian native fruits against the bacterial triggers of selected autoimmune diseases

Aleurites moluccanus (l.) Willd. Extracts Inhibit the Growth of Bacterial Triggers of Selected Autoimmune Inflammatory Diseases

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