Sequential endoscopy and biopsy of intact rat stomach

Taylor, Peter R.; Armstrong, David; Linsell, Jane; Power, Sharon; Mason, Robert C.

doi:10.1007/bf01535757

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…They performed a contrast barium enema, but they did not perform sequential endoscopic examination. Using a non-flexible miniarthroscope, Taylor et al (18) performed a sequential endoscopy and a biopsy of an intact rat stomach but not of gastric carcinogenesis. Fukawa et al (20) and Mori et al (21) sequentially investigated gastric ulcers in rats using a nonflexible side-view endoscope.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sequential endoscopic findings and histological changes of N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine-induced esophageal carcinogenesis in rats

Baden

Yamamichi²,

Michiura³

et al. 2006

Oncol Rep

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We performed a sequential endoscopic examination of esophageal carcinogenesis induced by N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine (NMBA) in F344 rats. The endoscopic findings were consistent with the histological changes observed in the specimens obtained by a biopsy and/or an autopsy. Sevenweek-old male F344 rats received a weekly subcutaneous injection of 0.5 mg/kg NMBA for 15 weeks. The first endoscopic change that was detected was redness of the musosa due to the dilatation of the submucosal blood vessels. Subsequently, the mucosal redness became obscure, and we observed a focal loss of the visible blood vessel network due to hyperkeratosis, followed by the appearance of plaque-like elevated lesions due to acanthosis. Then, smooth and irregular polyps appeared as a result of the development of papilloma without or with dysplastic potential, respectively. Finally, rough elevation appeared as a result of carcinoma in situ and invasive squamous cell carcinoma. The present endoscopic findings correlated closely with the histological changes, indicating that sequential fiberscopic examination may be useful for monitoring esophageal carcinogenesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 shows the schedule of the s.c. injections (NMBA or vehicle) and the endoscopic examinations. The procedure used for the endoscopic examinations was based on a method described in a previous report (18). Briefly, after 24 h of fasting with free access to water, the rats were anesthetized with evaporated diethyl ether in a closed chamber.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequential endoscopic findings and histological changes of N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine-induced esophageal carcinogenesis in rats

Baden

Yamamichi²,

Michiura³

et al. 2006

Oncol Rep

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“…Gene expression profiles of post-mortem esophageal specimens from these animal models show molecular homology to human disease. [11][12][13] Although endoscopy has been used to observe the development of disease in animals, 14,15 animal sacrifice has previously been required to confirm the presence of Barrett's esophagus and determine whether adenocarcinoma is present. Hence, the natural history of this disease cannot readily be evaluated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endoscopic evaluation of esophago-gastro-jejunostomy in rat model of Barrett's esophagus

Lowe²,

Triadafilopoulos³

et al. 2009

Diseases of the Esophagus

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Background and aims Endoscopy can be used to monitor the onset of metaplastic transformation and to observe the progression of neoplasia in small animal models of Barrett’s esophagus. By avoiding animal sacrifice, the natural history of this disease can be studied in a longitudinal fashion. We aim to characterize the endoscopic features of esophageal mucosa at various stages of the metaplasia-dysplasia-carcinoma sequence in a rat reflux model of Barrett’s for comparison with histology. Methods Acid and bile reflux was produced by introducing a side-to-side esophago-gastro-jejunostomy in Sprague-Dawley rats. Endoscopic examination of the distal esophagus was performed in 24 surgically-altered and 4 control rats, between weeks 24 to 36 after the operation in 4 week intervals, and all rats were biopsied and sacrificed at 36 weeks. Endoscopic images were classified based on the surface mucosal patterns of the distal esophagus and then compared to histology. The endoscopic appearance were classified as: 1) normal, characterized by a smooth surface; 2) intestinal metaplasia, defined as elevated plaques/ridges, deep grooves and thin linear folds; 3) dysplasia, indicated by coarse folds/grooves, mesh-like villi, and foveolar appearance, and 4) carcinoma, suggested by irregular shaped mass lesions with ulcerations. Results The endoscopic criteria for intestinal metaplasia yielded a sensitivity of 100% in comparison to histology. Intestinal metaplasia with high-grade dysplasia was found in 2 rats and with low-grade dysplasia in 3 rats. Both focally-invasive squamous cell carcinoma and invasive adenocarcinoma were found in 1 rat. Conclusions Small animal endoscopy in a rat model of Barrett’s esophagus can be used to perform surveillance, classify mucosal patterns, observe the onset of intestinal metaplasia, and monitor the progression of neoplastic transformation, representing a useful tool for studying the natural history of this disease.

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Development of a Laparoscopic System for In Vivo Observation of the Bonghan Structure

Lim

Chae

Kim

et al. 2009

Journal of Acupuncture and Meridian Studies

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Bonghan structures composed of corpuscles and ducts have been observed in numerous animal experiments. The structure has been suggested to be the physical substrate for acupuncture points and meridians used in traditional Chinese medicine. The corpuscle-duct structure on the organ surface has been extensively studied. However, it was only observed after the abdomen of a rat was fully exposed. It may be desirable to observe these structures under minimally invasive conditions. Our laparoscope is specifically designed for in situ, in vivo observation of the Bonghan structure on the surface of internal organs in rats. We made a laparoscope consisting of a borescope combined with an illumination module and an imaging data acquisition part. The Bonghan structure is transparent and is hard to see, even with the borescope. Spraying a specific dye, trypan blue and washing with saline is a necessary process to visualize the structure. For this reason, we devised a staining and washing system attached in parallel with the borescope in the laparoscopic system. The system operated successfully to reveal a Bonghan structure without surgery. This tool opens a host of possible applications such as observation of flow of stained liquid or drug in the Bonghan duct flowing from the skin to internal organs, and long-term observation of the physiological changes in Bonghan corpuscles.

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Sequential endoscopy and biopsy of intact rat stomach

Abstract: This paper describes the technique of sequential endoscopy and biopsy of the intact rat stomach. It is recommended that this procedure be performed on fasted animals with access to water only, when a mortality of only 4% can be achieved.

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Sequential endoscopic findings and histological changes of N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine-induced esophageal carcinogenesis in rats

Sequential endoscopic findings and histological changes of N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine-induced esophageal carcinogenesis in rats

Endoscopic evaluation of esophago-gastro-jejunostomy in rat model of Barrett's esophagus

Development of a Laparoscopic System for In Vivo Observation of the Bonghan Structure

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