Sequential metabolic alterations in the myocardium during influenza and tularemia in mice

Ilbäck, Nils-Gunnar; Friman, Göran; Beisel, William R.; Johnson, Antonia

doi:10.1128/iai.45.2.491-497.1984

Cited by 23 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The skeletal muscles, which constitute approximately 45% of bodyweight, are the major source of amino acids, 14 but the heart muscle also contributes (Figure 1). 18 , 19 , 20 Thus, a decrease in the protein content of the skeletal muscles, as well as in that of the heart muscle, is a general feature in acute infectious diseases, the magnitude of which is related to the magnitude and duration of the systemic acute phase reaction of the host. In acute myocarditis, this wasting of myocardial muscle protein occurs in parallel with the microorganism‐ and inflammation‐related damage to the heart.…”

Section: The Neuromuscular System In Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infections and exercise in high‐performance athletes

Friman

Wesslén

2000

Immunol Cell Biol

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The elite athlete has a potentially increased sensitivity to respiratory infections, rendering protective measures particularly important. Some other infections that may appear in clusters in the sports setting, such as gastroenteritis, leptospirosis, herpes simplex and viral hepatitis, also require special precautionary attention. Strenuous exercise during ongoing infection and fever may be hazardous and should always be avoided. In addition, early symptoms of infection warrant caution until the nature and severity of the infection become apparent. Because myocarditis may or may not be accompanied by fever, malaise or catarrhal symptoms, athletes should be informed about the symptoms suggestive of this disease. Although sudden unexpected death resulting from myocarditis is rare, exercise should be avoided whenever myocarditis is suspected. Guidelines are suggested for the management and counselling of athletes suffering from infections, including recommendations on when to resume training. Acute febrile infections are associated with decreased performance resulting from muscle wasting, circulatory deregulation and impaired motor coordination, which require variable amounts of time to become normalized once the infection is over.

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Section: The Neuromuscular System In Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infections and exercise in high‐performance athletes

Friman

Wesslén

2000

Immunol Cell Biol

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“…Several aspects of the mnetabolic response of the host to the stress of any infection are stereotyped and predictable (W. R. Beisel [in M. C. Linder, ed., Nutrition and Infection, in press]), but in a recent study, important differences were observed in the response of the myocardium to influenza and tularemia (20). Thus, more pronounced tissue wasting and concomitant decreases in metabolic capacity occurred in influenza than in tularemia, the catabolic responses to these two infections possibly being mediated by different metabolic pathways (20). * Corresponding author.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A second purpose was to study the effects of forced exercise in the acute phase of the same infections on myocardial histology, biochemistry, and lethality in trials 3 to 6. Influenza and tularemia of similar intensities were used in mouse models, since myocarditis is not a feature of these infections in resting rodents (14,20).…”

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confidence: 99%

Modifying effects of exercise on clinical course and biochemical response of the myocardium in influenza and tularemia in mice

Ilbäck¹,

Friman²,

Beisel³

et al. 1984

Infect Immun

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For a study of the interactions of strenuous physical exercise (daily swimming to exhaustion) and a viral as compared with a bacterial infection with regard to the clinical course and the biochemical response of the myocardium, influenza and tularemia of similar lethality were used in mice. In both infections, expected infection-induced catabolic alterations in the ventricular myocardium were evident 2 days before median

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“…These horses also had a higher rate of weight loss and loss of body condition, suggesting that protein catabolism may have contributed to a loss in lean body mass. In mice infected with influenza virus, decreased protein synthesis and increased protein degradation may contribute to the observed myocardial muscle wasting 38 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac Troponin I Concentrations in Ponies Challenged with Equine Influenza Virus

Durando

Birks

Hussey

et al. 2011

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background: Myocarditis is thought to occur secondary to equine influenza virus (EIV) infections in horses, but there is a lack of published evidence. Hypothesis/Objectives: We proposed that EIV challenge infection in ponies would cause myocardial damage, detectable by increases in plasma cardiac troponin I (cTnI) concentrations. Animals: Twenty‐nine influenza‐naïve yearling ponies: 23 were part of an influenza vaccine study (11 unvaccinated and 12 vaccinated), and were challenged with 108 EID50 EIV A/eq/Kentucky/91 6 months after vaccination. Six age‐matched healthy and unvaccinated ponies concurrently housed in a separate facility not exposed to influenza served as controls. Methods: Heparinized blood was collected before and over 28 days after infection and cTnI determined. Repeated measures analysis of variance, chi‐square, or clustered regression analyses were used to identify relationships between each group and cTnI. Results: All EIV‐infected ponies developed clinical signs and viral shedding, with the unvaccinated group displaying severe signs. One vaccinated pony and 2 unvaccinated ponies had cTnI greater than the reference range at 1 time point. At all other times, cTnI was <0.05 ng/mL. All control ponies had normal cTnI. There were no significant associations between cTnI and either clinical signs or experimental groups. When separated into abnormal versus normal cTnI, there were no significant differences among groups. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: This study demonstrated no evidence of severe myocardial necrosis secondary to EIV challenge with 108 EID50 EIV A/eq/Kentucky/91 in these sedentary ponies, but transient increases in cTnI suggest that mild myocardial damage may occur.

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Sequential metabolic alterations in the myocardium during influenza and tularemia in mice

Cited by 23 publications

References 30 publications

Infections and exercise in high‐performance athletes

Infections and exercise in high‐performance athletes

Modifying effects of exercise on clinical course and biochemical response of the myocardium in influenza and tularemia in mice

Cardiac Troponin I Concentrations in Ponies Challenged with Equine Influenza Virus

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