Sequential method for the determination of operating conditions for optimizing end-use properties of a terpolymer

Salaün, Philippe; Houzelot, Jean-Léon; Villermaux, J.; Marchal, Sylvie

doi:10.1016/0923-0467(95)03074-3

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The best lubricating properties of mineral oils are obtained with additives having high VI values and low SSI values. Since one of these key properties increases and the other decreases with an increase in the polymer molar mass, optimization of the polymer structure is required in order to obtain the best application properties [9].…”

Section: Effect Of Terpolymer Molar Massmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alkyl methacrylate and styrene terpolymers as lubricating oil viscosity index improvers

Jukić

Vidović

Janović

2007

Chem Technol Fuels Oils

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The properties of styrene/dodecyl methacrylate/octadecyl methacrylate terpolymers as viscosity index improvers of lubricating mineral oils were investigated. Terpolymers of different composition and molar mass were prepared by peroxide-initiated polymerization of the monomer mixture in a mineral base oil solution. All the terpolymer solutions in base oil exhibited high kinematic viscosity and viscosity index values (> 130), proving their high thickening efficiency. The ratio of viscosity values at 100°C and 40°C of styrene/alkyl methacrylate additive solutions was between 0.95 and 1.0, showing the coherent thickening effect in a wide temperature range, comparable with pure alkyl methacrylate additives. Increasing content of styrene in the additive and decreasing molar mass of the terpolymer resulted in a decrease in viscosity and viscosity index while the shear stability increased. The obtained results give guidelines for optimization of the terpolymers composition and structure in order to assure the best lubricant application properties.

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Section: Effect Of Terpolymer Molar Massmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alkyl methacrylate and styrene terpolymers as lubricating oil viscosity index improvers

Jukić

Vidović

Janović

2007

Chem Technol Fuels Oils

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“…10, to confirm again that insignificant departures of x F (MMA) from x f (MMA) values are to be expected in the system studied. Moreover, it has been shown previously that even a pseudo‐homopolymerization approximation may be efficient in describing the kinetics of similar systems 30, 31. To confirm this, we used the Alfrey–Goldfinger equation for the calculation of unitary ( x f = x F ) and binary ( x f / x f = x F / x F ) azeotropic curves 32–34.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Terpolymerization kinetics of methyl methacrylate or styrene/dodecyl methacrylate/octadecyl methacrylate systems

Jukić¹,

Rogošić²,

Vidović³

et al. 2006

Polymer International

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This study describes low-conversion terpolymerization kinetic investigations of methyl methacrylate/dodecyl methacrylate/octadecyl methacrylate (MMA/DDMA/ODMA) and styrene/dodecyl methacrylate/octadecyl methacrylate (ST/DDMA/ODMA) systems. Terpolymerizations were performed isothermally (70-105• C), in 1 mol dm −3 xylene solutions, using 0.01 mol dm −3 of bifunctional peroxide initiator 1,1-di(tertbutylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane or monofunctional tert-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate. Synthesized terpolymers were characterized with respect to composition and molar mass distribution. Initial polymerization reaction rates as well as terpolymer average molar masses decreased with increasing MMA or ST content in the monomer mixture, for both initiators and all investigated temperatures. Overall reaction rates were found to be significantly larger for the MMA/DDMA/ODMA system. In the MMA/DDMA/ODMA system, experimental terpolymer compositions were found to be similar to the initial monomer feed compositions -all the experimental monomer feed mixtures were close to the azeotropic composition. The Alfrey-Goldfinger terpolymerization equation was successfully used for the description of MMA/DDMA/ODMA terpolymerization kinetics, where the existence of the true azeotropic ternary point was established. The same equation did not perform as well for the ST/DDMA/ODMA terpolymerization system.

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“…Hence, their mixture will give copolymers with a statistical distribution of repeated units and composition equal to that of the monomer mixture. Accordingly, the copolymerization reactivity ratios for the investigated system are all close to unity. − Therefore, the terpolymerization reaction in this particular case might be approximated by the homopolymerization, , which made kinetic modeling rather simple. The Villermaux−Blavier tendency kinetic model for isothermal batch homopolymerization was applied for the description of concentrations of molecular species in the reacting mixture and prediction of the polymer structural properties (kinetic chain length, MMD, and MMD averages) as functions of polymerization time. − The modeling of polymerization using bifunctional initiator based on the mechanism of polymerization using monofunctional initiator is in principle not precise, since a new type of radical which contains one living radical on one end and another undecomposed peroxide on the other chain end is present.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Optimization Procedure. The most important application properties of lubricating mineral oils containing polymeric additives are functions of the polymer structure. ,, Here, number average molar mass, M n , polydispersity index, PI, and methyl methacrylate molar fraction, x MMA , may serve as the main structural parameters. The unknown functional dependence may be described by a polynomial function: 27 For i = 1, the application property of interest is the shear stability index, P 1 = SSI; for i = 2, the corresponding application property is the viscosity index, P 2 = VI.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The investigated terpolymerization processes with bifunctional initiator are capable to produce polymers of low PI value and high molar mass simultaneously. The products are obtained in a simple batch isothermal process, in shorter reaction times in comparison to the previously studied processes with monofunctional initiators, either in isothermal or in adiabatic conditions. , Moreover, the processes with bifunctional initiators may be performed without any changes in the equipment used in processes using monofunctional peroxide initiators.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimization of Alkyl Methacrylate Terpolymer Properties as Lubricating Oil Rheology Modifier

Jukić

Rogošić

Janović

2007

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Solution terpolymerization processes of methyl methacrylate, dodecyl methacrylate, and octadecyl methacrylate using bifunctional 1,1-di(tert-butylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane or monofunctional tert-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate initiator were investigated. The first set of terpolymerizations was performed in 2 M xylene solutions, isothermally at 91, 100, 105, and 115 °C. The terpolymerization kineticsconcentrations of molecular species, kinetic chain length, molar mass averages as functions of the reaction timewas modeled by the Villermaux−Blavier tendency kinetic model for radical polymerization. Complete monomer conversions and high molar masses of terpolymers were achieved in a simple batch process with bifunctional initiator. The second set of polymerization reactions was performed in 2 M mineral base oil solutions, under isothermal conditions at 115 and 120 °C, using the bifunctional initiator. By varying the monomer mixture composition and concentrations of the initiator and chain transfer agent, n-dodecyl mercaptan, the terpolymers of different composition and molar mass were obtained. The solution properties of alkyl methacrylate terpolymers as lubricating oil rheology modifierskinematic viscosity, viscosity index, shear stability, and pour pointwere established. A strong correlation between molar mass distribution of synthesized polymers and rheological properties of polymer solutions was revealed by an applied optimization procedure.

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Sequential method for the determination of operating conditions for optimizing end-use properties of a terpolymer

Cited by 4 publications

References 22 publications

Alkyl methacrylate and styrene terpolymers as lubricating oil viscosity index improvers

Alkyl methacrylate and styrene terpolymers as lubricating oil viscosity index improvers

Terpolymerization kinetics of methyl methacrylate or styrene/dodecyl methacrylate/octadecyl methacrylate systems

Optimization of Alkyl Methacrylate Terpolymer Properties as Lubricating Oil Rheology Modifier

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